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高一第一单元教案(共17篇)精选

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高一第一单元教案

篇1:高一第一单元教案

高一第一单元教案

Unit 1 Good Friends

Teaching objectives and demands:

1. The activity is designed to encourage students to think about friends and friendship and to activate relevant vocabulary.

2. Ask the students to describe a good friend and give examples of situations where friends have helped them. Use the activity as a brainstorming session done either in groups or with the whole class.

3. Language use: Manipulate listening, speaking practice

Key points:

1. Everyday English for communication.

2. Words and useful expressions

Teaching procedures:

Step 1. Warming up

Students are asked to describe themselves and a friend. You can use these questions in at least two different ways. One alternative is to ask the students to think about three words to describe themselves and then let each student tell the class the three characteristics they have chosen. A second alternative would be to ask the students to write down the three characteristics and let other students guess who is being described. As with the first part, the objective is to elicit student language and get the students to think about friends and friendship.

Which words can be used to describe the characteristic?

Brave: courage fearless heroic

Scared : astonish fearful frightened horrified shocked terrified timid

Loyal: devoted faithful

Wise: bright clever cute gifted intelligent smart well-learned witty

Foolish: silly stupid

Beautiful: attractive breath-taking charming cool cute elegant eye-catching good-looking

graceful inviting lovely neat pretty splendid stunning

Rich: wealthy plentiful

Funning: amusing humorous

Happy: carefree cheerful contented delighted glad high merry pleased

Unhappy: bitter blue discouraged displeased heavy miserable sad upset

Step 2. Listening

The students will hear friends discuss common problems that may occur in a friendship. The students are asked to identify the problems and suggest solutions. Tell the students that friends sometimes have problems and that it is important to know how to solve the problems. The students will hear three arguments between friends and are asked to write down the problems and suggest possible solutions. It may be necessary to divide the task into two parts; first the students write down the problems as they listen to the tape, and then they discuss possible solutions. The students can also listen to one situation at a time and discuss solutions with the whole class.

Key

1. Peter is often late for football practice. I think that he should try to be on time in the future.

2. Mary usually borrows things without asking and she doesn’t return things on time. She should ask the owner is she wants to borrow something and try to return it on time in the future.

3. Adam borrowed John’s CD player yesterday and now it is broken. Adam can ask his uncle to fix it.

Extension the students are asked to think of other situations/problems involving friends and role-play or discuss the issues. You may also ask the students to list or discuss what methods are most effective when you want to solve problems in a friendship.

Workbook P85

Listening

a) Students will hear about problems friends may have and what can be done to solve such problems. The students are asked to write down the solutions mentioned on the tape and to think of other solutions. Ask the students to listen to the tape and write down the solutions suggested by the speaker. You can help the students prepare by first asking them to think about problems they may have had with their friends. The solutions mentioned on the tape are simple and general. Encourage the students to think of better, more specific solutions. What would they do if they had a quarrel with a friend? How do they talk to their friends about difficult things? How do they keep secrets from becoming rumours?

b) Listening text Everybody needs friends. But being a good friend can sometimes be hard work. Learning how to solve problems in a friendship can make you a better friend and a happier person. A common problem between friends is that they don’t know how to talk to each other about difficult things. When they do talk, they often get mad with each other. What can they do? Well, it takes time to learn how to communicate well, and it is important to understand why a friend gets angry with you when you say something. If you know what it is that makes your friend angry, then you can try to talk about the problem in a different way.

c) Another problem that many friends have to deal with is what to do after one of them gets angry or upset. If friends get angry with each other and say something bad because they are angry, they often find it difficult to apologize after the quarrel. The best way to apologize after a quarrel is simply to start by telling each other that you are sorry and then go from there. A simple apology is often enough and is a good starting point. What about friends who can’t keep a secret? Sometimes it seems impossible to keep a secret from becoming a rumour that everyone knows. Shouldn’t a good friend be able to keep a secret? Perhaps, but it is not always that easy to keep a secret, and telling a secret to someone will often put them in a difficult situation - they may have to lie to other friends to keep the secret. The best way to make sure that a secret doesn’t become a rumour is simply to keep it to yourself - don’t tell anyone.

d) Answers to Exercise 1

e) Problem: Friends get angry with each other when they try to talk about something difficult.

f) Solution: Try to understand your friend/Try to talk about the problem in a different way.

g) Problem: Friends don’t know how to apologize.

h) Solution: Start by telling each other that you are sorry and take it from there. A simple apology is often enough.

i) Problem: Some friends don’t know how to keep secrets.

Solution: Keep your secrets to yourself.

Step 3 Speaking

The students will use the information about the people on SB page 2 to talk about likes and dislikes and to practice giving reasons for their opinions. Tell the students to work in pairs. Ask the students to complete the chart on page SB page 3 and then use the answers to talk about who could be friends and what they like or dislike. Ask each pair to decide who could be friends and give reasons for their decisions. When they have made their decision, ask them to compare and debate their ideas with other pairs. Encourage different answers, including strange ones.

P3 work in pairs

Name John Steve Peter Ann Sarah Joe

Age 15 14 15 16 14

Gender boy boy boy girl girl boy

Likes football skiing singing dancing reading novels surfing the

reading singing rock music computers football Internet

reading computer rock music singing rock music

skiing

Dis- singing hiking football hiking rock music football

ikes computers football classical music dancing dancing hiking

rock music rock music dancing classical music computer

Extension The students are asked to make a list of famous people or people they know. The students then use the list to identify likes and dislikes and characteristics and try to determine who could be friends.

Step 4. Talking Workbook P85

The students are given role cards based on three situations where friends are having problems. They are asked to act out the situations with the “useful expressions”. They are also asked to think of a fourth situation, prepare role cards for it, and act it out. Let the students role-play in pairs. Remind them that they should not write down a dialogue and then simply read the dialogue. Instead, they should try to act out the situation without rehearsing it. If they find it difficult to get started, you can let them prepare by practising part of a situation. You can also help by modeling part of a situation.

Extension Friends often help each other. Ask the students to work in pairs and list examples of situations where friends can help each other. The students can then write role cards for the situations and act out in pairs.

Step 5. Homework

(1) Finish off the exercises of Unit1 in the workbook.

(2) Revise the key points of this unit.

(3)List the friend they get to know in class and write down some thing they want to know.

Evaluation of teaching:

The Second Period

Teaching objectives

1. Develop the students’ comprehension of explorative passages, especially their ability of analyzing the structure of such kind of articles.

2. Offer the students chances of self-culture by working in groups and seeking information about the film out-

side the class.

3. Infuse the students with basic knowledge about the friend and friendship

4. Learn some words and useful expressions from the text.

Teaching Approach

1.Communicative Approach should be used throughout the class. Stress should be laid on:

2.Learner-centeredness; learning-centeredness

3.Task-based learning

4.Activity-based teaching (class work; individual work; group work)

Teaching type: Reading comprehension

Teaching Procedure

Step 1. Report in class A student is asked to report something interesting he or she picks up from

newspaper or magazines.

Step 2.Review and check Ss have a word dictation and check their homework in workbook

Exercise 2 Suggested sample sentences

1) My friend Alan is brave. He once saved the life of a little girl who had fallen into a lake.

2) My friend Bob is loyal. He wouldn’t talk to Charles whom I don’t like at all.

3) My friend David is wise. He always gives me the best advice.

4) My friend George is a handsome boy, but he doesn’t like to study and always dreams of becoming a model.

5) My friend Harry is a smart student. He always asks good questions in class.

Step 3 Pre-reading Ss are asked to listen to the tape and find the things they are using or talking about.

Practising on P87 vocabulary

1 “The books are too heavy! I think it’s going to break.”

2 “Oh no! I forgot where I put it! I have written down all the important phone numbers.”

3 “Yum! You have bought it at last. We can have fried fish for dinner. Mmm … I can’t wait to put this fish in it. ”

4 “Hands up! Don’t move or I’ll shoot. Give me all your money!”

5 “Ooooh! I look very nice in this new dress!!!”

6 A: I think we’re lost. What should we do now? B: Don’t worry. I have it here and I know how to use it.

7 “Ouch! I hit myself with it.”

8 A: Hurry up! It’s so dark here. I can’t see anything.

9 “It is shaking badly. Am I going to die? Help! … Oh, thank God!”

10 “I feel sad when it comes to the part in which the two friends become enemies.”

Answers 1 rope 2 notebook 3 pan 4 gun 5 mirror 6 compass 7 hammer 8 match 9 airplane 10 movie

Get the students to think about what it would be like to be alone on a deserted island. The activity is not direct linked to a reading strategy or a structure in the reading, but is intended to be used as a preliminary activity related to the previous parts of the unit. The pre-reading exercise also gives the students an opportunity to practise giving opinions and making decisions.

Explain the situation to the students and give them time to think about what they would bring. The activity should generate different choices and opinions, thus making it a good opportunity for discussion. Tell the students to work in groups. Ask them to describe the usefulness of each item in the box and then decide on the three most useful ones. Make sure that each group member gets an opportunity to speak. Encourage the students to use the structures I think… because…/ I could use it to…/ it could be used to …/ …would be more important than … because … Ask one student from each group to write their answers on the blackboard. Compare answers from different groups and have a short discussion. e.g. 1.I think a knife would be the most useful item, because I could use it to kill animals and cut the meat. It could also be used to cut wood. 2.I also think a box of matches would be useful because I could use the matches to make fire. If I had a fire, I could cook food, stay warm and keep wild animals away. More importantly, if someone saw the fire, they would come and save me. 3.I think a book would be more useful than a radio, because you don’t need batteries to read. And when I read, I would learn about life and the world and forget my loneliness.

Extension 1: Ask the students to think about how the things could help them in other situations, for example, if they were lost in a desert or a forest. Extension 2: Let the students talk about how they would feel in an extreme situation. How would they feel if they were alone on a deserted island? (angry, desperate, lonely, hungry, worried, hopeful, happy, afraid etc.) What would they do to try to overcome these feelings? Extension 3: Ask the students if they have read books or seen movies about island life, for example, Robinson Crusoe, Cast Away, Six days and Seven Nights, etc. How did the main characters survive? How were they rescued? Extension 4 After the discussion, you can ask the students to consider the similarities and differences between spiritual and materialistic needs, i.e. the things we need and the social interaction we need.

Step 4 Reading Listen to tape and finish the following items

CHUCK’S FFRIEND

Background information on the reading :The film Cast Away, starring Tom Hanks, depicts a man’s struggle with solitude and his journey towards self-knowledge. The film shows us how Chuck, a busy manager who never has “enough time,” ends up on an island with nothing but time. He manages to survive on the island and he realizes the importance of friends and friendship. The text, summarized below, describes his experience and the lessons he learns from his unusual friend, a volleyball he calls Wilson.

Guess the meaning of a word or phrase in the text, tell them to mark the word or phrase. Ask the students to list words or phrases that they don’t know. Explain important ones if necessary, but try offering more context of certain words until the students can guess the meaning. Don’t spend too much time going through the new words.

Suggestion for teaching some of the vocabulary of the reading text:

Item Strategy What it means

What is the text about? CLUES The picture shows a man who lives like a wild man, alone. He has to take care of himself. The title says that the text is about Chuck’s friend.

What is the text about? WORLD KNOWLEDGE If I look at the picture and read the story, I may recall other stories about a man living alone on an island, e.g. Robinson Crusoe. In those stories, the man has to learn to find water and food and take care of himself.

What kind of words will be used? GENRE The reading passage is a sort of film review, so I can guess the text will use words about stories, characters, acting and perhaps unusual things that do not exist in the real world.

Cast Away CLUES Form) + SKIP + CLUES (Context) +LOOK UP The words are in italics, so I know that it must be the name of a film or a book. I can probably skip the word and look it up in the dictionary later. If I read the text I will learn that the film is about a man who has to live alone on an island, away from his friends, because of an accident, so I can guess that “Cast Away” refers to the man in the story and his situation. The dictionary says to be left alone on an island after your ship has sunk.

play GENRE +CONTEXT Tom Hanks is a famous actor. He “plays” a man named Chuck Noland in the film Cast Away. I can guess that plays means acts.

survive CONTEXT +WORLDKNOWLEDGE When airplanes crash (fall down), most people die. If, like Chuck, they don’t die, they go on living, so I can guess that to survive means to go on living.

deserted CONTEXT The text tells me that Chuck lands on a deserted island. The text also tells me that there are no people on the island, so I can guess that a deserted place means a place where there are no people.

challenge CONTEXT The text tells me that there are different challenges in Chuck’s life - he has to collect water, hunt for food, and learn to survive without friends. I can guess that a challenge is something difficult that you have to do.

share CONTEXT +LOOKUP I know that I like to talk to my friends when I am happy or sad. If I am sad, talking to a friend makes me feel better. I can guess that “to share” happiness or sorrow means something like “tell others about how I feel” or “make others understand how I feel”. The dictionary says that share means to have the same interest or feeling as someone else.

unusual FORM I know that usual means “something that happens all the time” or “normal.” If I know that the prefix “un-“ means not, I can guess that unusual means not normal or strange.

such as CONTEXT A lucky pen and a diary are examples of favourite objects, so I can guess that such as means for example or “like.”

Summary Ask them to look at the picture and ask one student to point to the picture and retell the main idea of the text.

1 Chuck Noland, a successful businessman, lands on a deserted island after a plane crash.

2 Chuck has to learn basic survival skills on the island. In order to cope with his loneliness, Chuck develops a friendship with a volleyball he calls Wilson.

3 Five years’ life on the island teaches Chuck the importance of having friends and being a good friend. Wilson may just be a volleyball, but their friendship is real and in some ways better than Chuck’s friendships in the past.

4 Human friends and unusual friends are important in our life. Friends and friendship help us understand who we are and how we should behave.

Step 5 Post-reading Exx on Page 4 Ask the students to answer questions about the story. e.g. How can a volleyball become Chuck’s friend? What does Chuck learn about himself when he is alone on the island?

Suggested answers to the questions

1 He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire. More importantly, he has to learn to live without friends.

2 He has learnt a lot about himself when he is alone on the island. For example, he has come to realize that friendship is important in his life, that he hasn’t been a good friend, and that he should care more about his friends. (The students may also use present tense, e.g. He learns a lot about himself. He realizes that…)

3 Open for discussion. The students can list basic survival skills.

4 Let the students discuss the question in groups. The question can be discussed in the form of a role-play where each student represents one of the four people and has to persuade the others that he or she should be given the parachute.

5.Have a short discussion about one or more ideas in the text:

1 ) What can we do to be good friends even if we are very busy?

2 ) Does a successful man or woman need friends?

3 ) The text talks about “giving” and “taking.” How do friends give and take?

4 ) What do friends teach us?

5 ) Is it better to have a human friend or an unusual friend such as a volleyball, a pen or a dog?

Step 6 Language study Key to “Word study”:

1 honest, 2 classical 3 sorrow/unhappiness 4 argue/quarrel/disagree 5 loyal/good/true

6 hunt for 7 fond of/interested in 8 brave/fearless 9 in order to/ so as to 10 smart

Student-centered vocabulary learning:

It is very important for students to make their own choices and decisions about what they learn. You can help your students by letting them practise making such choices and decisions.

Give the students a few minutes to make a list of words and expressions from the text that they want to learn. The list should not be too long.

Ask the students to show their list to a partner and explain why they chose these words or expressions.

There are many ways to help the students deal with new words. Begin by letting the students try on their own. If the students can discover the meaning of new words themselves-either by using clues, pair work, or group discussion they are more likely to develop a better understanding of the word. More importantly, the process will help them develop strategies and skills that they can use when they encounter new words. The teacher is responsible for providing guidance and assistance. Give the students time, help as little as possible and in a gradual way. Try to model and encourage positive behaviour-the best way to help is to provide clues and examples. If you “explain” the word or simply translate it, you are not giving the students an opportunity to learn.

1 Encourage the students to try different ways to fix the words in their minds.

2 Some words may have different meanings. You can help the students decide which meaning fits the context.

Unit 1 背景材料:Cast Away 荒岛余生

汤姆汉克斯曾以《费城故事》和《阿甘正传》连续两度获奥斯卡最佳男演员奖殊荣,为自己和别人树立了两座高不可攀的丰碑。经历了一段时间的低潮后,他又再度与赞米基斯(《阿甘正传》的导演)合作,凭借《荒岛余生》一片获得第七十三届奥斯卡最佳男演员奖提名。可惜的是,此奖颁给了罗素克罗(《角斗士》)。据说,奥斯卡评委们是不会让同一个人在十年之内三度称帝的。但汤姆汉克斯的演技可以说无可挑剔。为演好此角,他甚至将体重减少了几十斤。如果你有兴趣,可以找来此片一睹被遗弃荒岛前后判若两人的汤姆汉克斯的模样。

Chuck Noland, who lives in Memphis, is an operation manager at FedEx, an express mailing company. He is hardworking and particularly time-conscious.1 He believes that time is everything: cosmos,2 fortune and misfortune; time is also capable of doing everything, creating and destroying human beings. He has a girlfriend named Kelly Frears, who works at a chemical lab. They love each other very much, though Chuck travels a lot and rarely stays at home. It is Christmas season now. Chuck gets back home and Kelly is very happy to see him. However Chuck is so tired after his business trip to Russia, he is fast asleep when Kelly turns off TV and is about to go to bed.

On Christmas Eve, Chuck, Kelly and his family are having dinner when Chuck's pager3 rings. Another assignment comes. Kelly does not like to see Chuck leave as it is Christmas time now. But Chuck has to go and promises to be back on New Year's Eve. Seeing Chuck off at the airport, Kelly gives him an old watch, inherited from her grandfather, with her photo in it. Chuck is moved and tells Kelly that he will hold on to it for the rest of his life. Then he gives Kelly a small pretty box, saying that this is something special for her and she shall open it on New Year's Eve.

On the way to his destination, the plane Chuck is flying on crashes in the sea due to a heavy storm and a mechanical failure. Fortunately Chuck survives and climbs onto a lifeboat4 after the crash. He still manages to get hold of the watch Kelly gives him.

It rains heavily. Chuck's boat is pushed ashore by waves and lands on a small island the next day. Now the two things he has, Kelly's watch and the pager, are his only possessions. He does not know where he is. There is nobody, not even animals. Chuck writes HELP on the beach with tree trunks. That night Chuck hears strange sound coming from the nearby trees. In the following days, hungry and thirsty, he collects FedEx parcels pushed ashore by waves. Suddenly he hears the strange sound again. He is terrified but then surprised to find the sound is from fallen coconuts.5 The struggle of opening them starts. After trying different ways for a long time, he finally is able to taste his first fruit of success.

One day, climbing onto the top of the mountain on the island, Chuck finds that it is a small and uninhabited island. All of a sudden he spots a man's body near the beach. It is one of the crew.6 Chuck pulls it ashore. With a mixed feeling of fear and sympathy, he hesitantly takes off the man's shoes and flashlight before burying him.

One night in the darkness, he finds a light from afar. It must be a ship. Chuck is very excited and he uses his flashlight for SOS signal. But it is of no use. The light is too weak to be noticed by people on the ship. The following day, Chuck tries to row the lifeboat to the ship. However, big waves turn his lifeboat upside down, and to make things worse, he is injured on the leg. That night there is a heavy thunderstorm. Chuck has to hide himself in a cave. He forgets to turn off the flashlight and the battery runs off.

As the hope of being saved is getting less and less, he faces challenges of survival. An idea strikes his mind, and he opens every and each parcel. Videotapes are thrown away and so are important commercial contracts and documents. A pair of skating shoes, a nightgown,7 and a volleyball are kept. The blades8 are used as knives for cutting, and the nightgown as fishing net. As for the volleyball, Chuck uses his blood to draw a man's face on it and names it “Wilson” who gives him spiritual comfort. He begins to talk to the “man” he has created and Wilson has become his company.

Next he has to start a fire. Without fire, he has not had any food or hot water for days except eating live fish and drinking rainwater and coconut juice. He gets some wood and works on it for a long time. He almost loses his hope until he discovers that air is important to start a fire. He drills the wood in the middle with a stick while blowing some air in between the two pieces. When a fire is finally made, Chuck sings and dances like a tribesman,9 happy for the first time after landing on the island. He has his first meal, a cooked crab.

Four years later, Chuck becomes an experienced primitive man. He still keeps his girlfriend's photo in his cave. Beside the photo, there stands another companion of his for those lonely years-Wilson. Chuck is so used to talking to Wilson, the volleyball, that he regards as his best friend. Once he throws away Wilson in anger and despair but only finds himself more lonely and desperate. So he searches for it and is very excited to get it back. Then he paints Wilson's face with his blood again so that Wilson has a new face.

One day, he finds a part of the plane on the shore, which gives him an idea. He cuts down the biggest tree on the island and makes it into a man's sculpture. He pulls it up to the highest point of the island and erects it there. Then he plans to build a raft and starts working on it.

Chuck at last completes his grandiose10 project and begins to row towards sea with his dear friend Wilson. At the moment of leaving his island on which he has lived for four years, a sense of sadness overwhelms11 him. He has somehow a special attachment to the island, feeling like leaving his sweet home.

On the journey to get back to the human world, he experiences dangers of sharks, thunderstorms, and despair of losing his best and only friend Wilson who accompanies him for the past terrible years. How many days have passed, he has no idea. One day, a large ship passes by and Chuck is finally saved.

However, his return is not a happy one. Kelly is married and has a daughter. She is so confused and lost about his return that it is hard for her to accept a man who has been “dead” for four years. Besides, her husband tries to convince her that not to see Chuck is in everyone's interest.

One rainy evening, Chuck cannot resist any longer the desire to see Kelly again. He goes to Kelly's in a taxi and knocks on her door. When Kelly shows him their car they used to drive, which she kept for all those years along with all their sweet memories, they are getting so emotional that they kiss each other. But Chuck cools down and asks Kelly to go back home.

Now Chuck comes back to his old self and starts working again. Having delivered the last parcel he has kept from the island, he suddenly senses a new beginning in his life.

1. time-conscious: 时间观念很强。 2. cosmos: 宇宙。3. pager: 传呼机。4. lifeboat: 救生船。5. coconut: 椰子。

6. crew: 全体机组人员。7. nightgown: (妇女的)睡衣。8. blades: (冰鞋的)冰刀。9. tribesman: 部落人。

10. grandiose: 宏大的。11. overwhelm: 使受不了,使不知所措。

Excerpts

Chuck Talks to a Friend about His Experience and Feeling on the Island

“We both had done the math, and Kelly added it all up. She knew she had to let me go. I added it up, knew that I'd lost her. 'Cause I was never gonna get off that island. I was gonna die there, totally alone. I mean, I was gonna get sick or get injures. The only choice I had, the only thing I could control was when and how and where that was gonna happen. So I made a rope. And I went up to the summit to hang myself. But I had to test it, you know? Of course. You know me. And the weight of the log snapped* the limb of the tree. So I-I-I couldn't even kill myself the way I wanted to. I had power over nothing. And that's when this feeling came over me like a warm blanket. I knew somehow that I had to stay alive. Somehow I had to keep breathing, even though there was no reason to hope. And all my logic said that I would never see this place again. So that's what I did. I stayed alive. I kept breathing. And then one day that logic was proven all wrong because the tide came in, gave me a sail. And now, here I am. I'm back in Memphis, talking to you. I have ice in my glass. And I've lost her all over again. I'm so sad that I don't have Kelly. But I'm so grateful that she was with me on that island. And I know what I have to do now. I gotta keep breathing. Because tomorrow, the sun will rise. Who knows what the tide could bring?”

Step 7 Language points Now read the text and explain the following language points if necessary.

1. practise

e.g. We practiced pronouncing the sound again and again.

e.g. Don’t forget to practise after class.

e.g. I practise playing the piano every day.

2. What’s… like?

e.g.--- What is the play like?---Wonderful.

e.g.He seems like an honest man.

3. make sb /th sb/adj./prep…

e.g.A good friend is someone who makes me happy.

e.g.Annie made her diary her best friend.

e.g. They made me repeat the story.

e.g.What made you think so?

e.g He raised his voice to make himself heard.

4. nor//so倒装 +do/does/should/has…+主语

nor 表示否定意义,用肯定形式.

e.g. I don’t know,nor do I care.

e.g. His brother doesn’t like soccer,nor does he.

So 表肯定意义,用肯定形式

e.g.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.

e.g.They had a good time last night, so did I.

So it is/was with +主语

e.g.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engles.

e.g.John likes Chinese but he is not good at it. So it is with Mary.

5. bore, bored ,boring

e.g. He bored us all by talking for hours about his new car.

e.g. She bored with her present job.

e.g. Jimmy could never understand why so many people found golf boring.

6. interest ,interested, interesting

e.g. She has much interest in music and dance.

e.g. I don’t know what interests him indeed.

e.g. I found him greatly interested in poems.

e.g. I don’t think the joke interesting enough.

7. alone.,lonely

e.g. I was alone in the room.

e.g. He feels quite lonely sometimes.Because he has no friends.

e.g.They brought him into a lonely house.

e.g.Crusoe felt lonely when he was alone on the lonely island.

8. regard …as

e.g. We regarded their pets as members of their families.

e.g.We can’t regard the matter as settled.

Step 8. Homework

(1) workbook P88 Reading Many-flavored friends.

(2) Revise the key points of this Unit.

Evaluation of teaching:

The Third Period

Teaching aims and demands

1. The students are asked to master the Grammar :Direct Speech and Indirect Speech

2. Integrating Skill: reading

3. Oral practice: manipulate oral practice relevant to the reading material.

Key points: grammar and reading

Teaching methods: Reading -Sentence structure----explanation

Teaching procedures:

Step 1. Revision

(1) Check the homework exercises.

(2) Revise the key points of the previous lesson.

Step 2. Presentation To ask the Ss pre-writing the following sentences and check them in class.

1.“Today is Thursday” the teacher said.

2. “I’m going to play football.”Tom said.

3. “He lived in New York” Tom told me.

4. “The moon foes around the earth.”he said.

5. “He wanted to go out for lunch today.”his father said..

6. “He has been here for six years” Mr Li told me.

7. “ I will be here for one year.” I said to Mr Li.

8. “You come here quickly.” he ordered.

9.She said to me, “I will ask for some paper”.

10.They asked: “Why did you come here so late?”

Step 3. Grammar Direct Speech and Indirect Speech

Brief explanation of “Direct Speech and Indirect Speech” (1): Statements & Questions

* use Direct Speech when you want to show the exact words someone said or wrote. Use quotation marks to show that you are reporting the exact words a person used and a reporting clause to include information about the speaker and the situation.

e.g. “I had a great time at the picnic,” she told her mum.

(the direct speech) (the reporting clause)

*The reporting clause may come before, within, or after the direct speech. When the reporting clause comes after the direct speech, the order of the subject and the verb may be changed, e.g. Jane said/said Jane. This typically happens when the reporting clause is within the reported speech and the subject is not a pronoun.

e.g. Jane said, “I got a new e-pal. He is from Germany.”

“I got a new e-pal,” Jane said / said Jane / she said, “He is from Germany.”

“I got a new e-pal. He is from Germany,” Jane said / said Jane / she said.

* Use a comma to connect the direct speech and the reporting clause.

* When you change a sentence from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech, you sometimes need to change the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns in order to keep the same meaning.

DIRECT SPEECH à INDIRECT SPEECH

present past

past past or past perfect

present perfective past perfect

past perfective past perfect

e.g. “I’ll take care of you,” Chuck said. à Chuck said he would take care of him.

“Did you get e-mails from your friends?” she asked. à She asked if I had got e-mails from my friends.

“Have you got any e-mails from your parents?” she asked. à She asked if I had got any e-mails from my parents.

*When you use Indirect Speech to report what someone said, you can sometimes change the exact words without changing what the speaker actually said.

e.g Wilson asked, “How long have we been in this place?”à Wilson asked how long you had been here.

Answers to Grammar Exercise 1

1 The visitor said that he was very glad to visit our factory.

2 “I don’t like American movies very much,” the woman said to / told us.

3 Uncle Wang said that there was something wrong with the front wheel.

4 The teacher said to the students, “We are going to have a meeting at three o’clock.”

5 The students asked when they should go outing that autumn.

6 “I’ll try to finish reading the book by the end of this week,” she said.

7 The daughter told her father that mum had gone to the supermarket.

8 “Are you going to mail the gifts to your parents?” Sara’s friend asked her.

9 Tom asked Bob why he had been so excited that day.

10 “How can I solve the problem?” Sandra asked her friend.

Step 4 Post-reading : Grammar Exercise 2

In this exercise, the students have to imagine that they are helping Chuck “hear” what Wilson “says.” The students use Chuck’s answers to guess what Wilson is asking and then write down the question as reported speech. Let the students look at the example and point out that they don’t need to change the verb tense. When they have completed the written part of the exercise, they can use the questions and answers to talk to each other.

Answers to Grammar Exercise 2:

Chuck: I know, I know. You are angry with me. You think we should wait longer, but we have waited long enough already.

Wilson: Why do you want to leave this island?

You: Chuck, Wilson asks why you want to leave this island.

Chuck: I want to leave the island because I miss my friends.

Wilson: Am I not your friend?

You: Chuck, Wilson asks whether or not he is your friend.

Chuck: Yes, you are my friend, but I miss the others.

Wilson: How long have we been here?

You: Chuck, Wilson asks how long you have been here.

Chuck: We have been here for almost five years.

Wilson: How will we leave?

You: Chuck, Wilson asks how you will leave.

Chuck: How will we leave? We will wait for the wind to change. Then we will go out over the reef.

Wilson: That might be dangerous.

You: Chuck, Wilson says that might be dangerous.

Chuck: Yes, it might be dangerous, but we have to try. We can’t stay here any longer.

Wilson: Will you take care of me?

You: Chuck, Wilson asks if you will take care of him.

Chuck: Of course I will take care of you.

Wilson: I’m scared, Chuck.

You: Chuck, Wilson says he is scared.

Chuck: I’m scared, too.

Step 5 Workbook :Answers to Exercise 1:

1 Mary told Yang Mei that she was doing a biology experiment then.

2 Mary told Yang Mei that she was not free that day.

3 Mary told Yang Mei that she must / had to finish her paper that week.

4 Mary told Yang Mei that she would have to stay in the lab until the next day.

5 Mary told Yang Mei that she was going to write a report the next week.

6 Mary told Yang Mei that she had watched a very interesting TV programme the day before.

7 Mary told Yang Mei that She must / had to wait there that afternoon.

8 Mary asked Yang Mei if she would go to the Students’ Club that afternoon.

9 Mary told Yang Mei that she had visited her teacher the day before.

10 Mary asked Yang Mei who was going to study abroad the next year.

Answers to Exercise 2:

Sept 1, Monday

It’s my first day in senior high school. Mother told me to get up early. Father asked me to tie my hair up. I told myself not to worry too much.

When I arrived at school, I ran into my friend Joanna. She said I looked great. (1)I asked her where she had spent her holiday. (2)She said that she had gone to Shanghai and it had been wonderful. (3)She also asked me if I had enjoyed my holiday.

We went to the classroom for our first lesson. (4)Mr Yu asked us if we had had a pleasant holiday. (5)Then he said that he wanted to get to know us, and he asked us to write a short description of ourselves. I wrote it in English. When Mr Yu read it, (6)he said it was well-written.

After school I went back home. I told my parents about my first day in school. (7)They told me that they were proud of me.

1 “Where did you spend your holiday?” I asked /said to her.

2 “I went to Shanghai and it was wonderful,” she said.

3 “Did you enjoy your holiday?” she asked / said.

4 “Did you have a pleasant holiday?” Mr Yu asked us.

5 “I want to get to know you. Could you please write down a short description of yourselves?” he said.

6 “It’s well written,” he said.

7 “We are proud of you,” they said to me.

Answers to Exercise 3

1 Change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech and Indirect Speech into Direct Speech.

1 Hu Ming, the manager says that they run that restaurant to make friends.

2 “We are unhappy about this,” the students’ parents said.

3 Hu Ming says, “A teacher has already told me that I should spend more time on study.”

4 “Running a business takes a lot of time,” all the managers say.

5 Liu Tao says that they don’t have the money to hire enough waiters or waitresses, so they do most of the work themselves.

6 Another boy tells me that sometimes they have to skip classes to keep an eye on the restaurant.

7 “We are doing OK,” Liu Tao says.

Step 6 Homework

(1) Finish off the work in work book

(2) change the 10 sentences into indirect speech

(3) Try to write a news story in about 100 words on page 88

(4) Revise the grammar on page 178 to page 180

Evaluation of teaching:

The Fourth Period

Teaching aims and demands

1. Integrating Skill

2. Grammar and writing

3. Get the students to write an email

Key points: 1. Useful expressions; 2.writing 3.grammar

Teaching methods: Written practice and grammar.

Teaching procedures

Step 1. Revision

(1) Check the work exercises.

(2)A test for unit 1

To get the students to Review the grammar and write the passage on page 88

Pal Restaurant is one of the many restaurants where people come to eat, drink, talk and enjoy music. It is different from other restaurants because its owners are a group of college students. “We run this restaurant to make friends,” says the manager, Hu Ming.

But the students’ parents say that they are unhappy about this. “We can’t stop them but we want them to put study in the first place.” Teachers do not support them, either. Hu Ming says that a teacher has already told him that he should spend more time on study.

All the managers say that running a business takes a lot of time. “We don’t have the money to hire enough waiters or waitresses, so we do most of the work ourselves,” says Liu Tao. “Sometimes we have to skip classes to keep an eye on the restaurant,” says another boy.

But Liu Tao says they are doing OK.

3 Answers may vary. Possible titles/headlines include “Study First or Business First?” “Students Running Bar”

Step 2. Integrating Skill

Instruction: The reading describes different kinds of friends. Let the students read the first paragraph and answer questions 1-3, then ask them to think of words that can be used to describe the different kinds of friends. You can also tell the students to choose words from the “5-star friend” activity in the student’s book.

Extension What does it take to make a friendship work? The students can work in groups and select one kind of friendship described in the reading and think about the advantages and disadvantages of such a friendship. What problems might arise? How could they be solved? (The students can refer to the listening activity).

Suggested answers

1 C

2 A fair-weather friend will only like you when you are happy and popular; a forever friend is a true friend and will help you when you are in trouble.

3 List the characteristics of each kind of friend:

A fair-weather friend only likes you when you are happy and popular, doesn’t help you when you have problems. (students can add more)

A school friend studies and plays together with you, sees you in school. (students can add more)

A forever friend knows everything about you, always listens to you. (students can add more)

4 Sarah helped Janet overcome her shyness and deal with her classmates. Janet helped Sarah study math.

5 Answers may vary.

6 You can make friends with people from other countries by reading e-pal/pen pal ads in newspapers or on the Internet.

7 One of the advantages of having friends in other countries is that you can learn more about the world. You can also learn more about other languages and cultures. There are a few disadvantages, including the fact that it can be difficult to be friends if you live far away from each other.

8 Answers may vary. One possible interpretation is that all the people around us could be our friends; friendship is a two-way relationship and it takes work and patience to develop a good friendship.

Step 3 Writing

Ask the students to read the e-mail and find out what the girl wants to know more about. Tell the students to think about what they want to tell the girl. As a pre-writing activity, the students can list the things they want to include in the e-mail. When the students have written the e-mail, you can compare what they have written.

ASSESSING

A learner log is a set of questions that will help the students to reflect on how and what they have learnt. The students are asked to rate their “comfort level” and summarize what they have learnt. You can use this as an activity in class or let the students complete the log at home. Throughout the book we offer different assessment tools and we recommend that you try as many of them as possible. Learner logs and other similar assessment tools are simple to use and have a positive effect on the students’ learning and learning habits over time. The students may find it difficult to answer the questions at first, but if you use the log consistently it will help the students pay more attention to their learning strategies and set better goals. Once the students are used to the format and expectations, you can use the learner log and other assessment activities in combination with discussion and goal-setting activities.

Step 4. Post -INTEGRATING SKILLS

Ask the students to read the e-mail ads in Unit 1 and choose one to reply to. Before the students start writing, they should think about what they want to write.

Extension Use real e-pal ads from the Internet and let the students find a real e-pal from another country. If your students do not have easy access to the Internet, you can simply copy more e-pal ads and bring them to class.

Sample E-mail

Hi Jane:

My name is Xiao Fei and I come from Hunan. Hunan is in the south of China. I am a middle school student and I like speaking English. I read your e-pal ad and I would like to be your e-pal. You wrote that you like rock music. Can you tell me what bands you like? Have you ever heard any Chinese rock bands? You also wrote that you like talking and joking around. I do too! I think you and I can be good friends. Please send me an e-mail as soon as possible.

Xiao Fei

Assessment Criteria:

An e-mail is less formal than a letter and more formal than speaking. A good response to the e-pal ads should include information about who you are and where you are from. Try to encourage the students to use indirect speech to refer to the e-pal ad.

Step 5. Homework

(1) Finish off the exercises in the workbook.

(2)Write an email into my email-box.

(3) Summary the key points in this unit

Evaluation of teaching:

The Fifth period Students have an Integrating examination

The Sixth period Teachers comment the examination and Review the unit.

篇2:高一英语第一单元教案

Period 1

(一)明确目标

1. Learn the useful expressions to talk about location and direction.

2. Have listening practice.

(二)整体感知

Step 1

Show the students a map of china and ask them to find out several places and tell the others the location of these places.

(三)教学过程

Step 2 warming up

Get eh students to look at the map of china and names of countries, islands and seas beyond China, Divide the students into groups of four and talk about the positions of the different places and waters in relation to china.

Step 3 listening

Ask the students to look at the map on page 37.this is the map of Dolphin island. Play the tape for the first time for the students to finish exercise 1. Play the tape again. This time the students are required to do Exercise 2.

Step 4 Speaking

The teacher asks one of the students “where are you from?” “Can you tell me the position of your hometown?” encourage the students to use “in the north/south/east/west of” or “to the north/south/east/west of “

Read the example dialogue. Then get the students to talk about the birthplaces of their grandparents. Parents and them selves in pairs. At the edn ask one or two pairs to act out their dialogues in front of the class.

(四)总结、扩展

Step 5

Finish off the exercises in workbook.

(五)随堂练习

1)用适当的介词填空:

1. He lives in a town ____ the east coast.

2. Hainan Island id ____ the south of Guangdong province.

3. Henan province lie _____ central china.

4. The ship hi t rock ___ the west coast of the pacific:

2)将下了句子译成英语。

1. 我父亲出生在这个城市以西30公里处的一个小村庄。

2. 我来自安庆,安徽西南部的一个小城市。

3. 安徽省位于江苏省的西边,河北省的南边。

参考答案:

1)1. on 2. to 3. in 4. off

2) 1. my father was born in a small village, which is about 30 kilometers west of this city.

2. I’m from Anqing a small city in southwestern Anhui province.

3. Anhui province lies on the west of Jiangsu, but to the south of Hebei.

篇3:人教版高一英语第一单元教案

StepILeadin

Showthepicture,talkaboutthefollowingthequestions?

1)Whatmighthappeniftheoilgetstoohot?

2)Whatwouldyoudoifthepanofoilcatchesfire?

StepIIListening

PlaythetapeofthedialoguefortheSstolistenandfollow.GothroughthedialoguebrieflyandmakesuretheSsunderstandit.Afterthat,answerthefollowingquestion.

1)WhatdidJennyaskYangPeitodofirst?

2)DidYangPeicarrythepanoutofthekitchenatonce?

Key:

1)JennyaskedYangPeitoturnoffthegasandcoverthepan.

2)No,shedidn't.

StepIIIReading

AsktheSstoreadPart2tofindoutwhattodoiftheyhearthefirealarm.CheckcomprehensionbyaskingYes/Noquestions:

1.ShouldIstayinmyroom?(No)

2.ShouldIleavethebuildingatonce?(Yes)

3.ShouldItakemyroomkey?(Yes)

4.ShouldItakethelift?(No)

StepIVPlayarole

TheTlettheSspractisethedialogueinpairsafewminutes,TheTcanwritesomemainsentencesontheBb,forexample:

1)cookinginthekitchen;2)thepanofoil;3)catchfire)4)turnoffthegas;5)coverthepan;6)thefire(be)out

ThentheTasksonepairtoactthesceneinfrontoftheclass.

StepVLanguagefocus

1.Takecare:becareful.

2.Isthefireout?Iftherearenoflames,thefireisout.

3.Youmight…burningoil:Ifyoucarriedthepanoutofthekitchen,youmightgetburntbythefireandyoumightdropthepan.Mighthereindicatespossibility.

StepVIExamination

Completethedialogueswithsuitablewords.

1.A:Be_______!Thepanisvery_______.Youmightget_______.

B:Thanks,Mum.Butwhat_______Ido?

A:You'd_______turnoffthegasfirst.Leavethepanthere_______itgetscooler.

2.A:Look_______!Yourcoathas_______fire.

B:Ohdear!

A:Takeit_______andputit_______thewater.

3.A:Take_______!You_______throwthecigaretteend(烟头)here.Lookatthosenewspapers.Theymight_______fire.

B:Oh,I'mterribly________.

4.A:_______careful!Yourclothes_______getcaughtinthatmachine……

B:Thankyou.Ididn'tknowIwassoclose________it.

StepVIIHomework

1.FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.

2.PreparationtheLesson62.

篇4:人教版高一英语第一单元教案

教材内容分析;本单元的交际功能项目为“问路”及“路线的指引”。第61课是本单元的第一课,通过一幅地图,一段对话介绍了本单元的重点语法项目有关问路和指路的表达法,为后面的学习打下基础。

二、学情分析:

本课教学对象是职一年级两个班20多个聋生,学生掌握英语的水平参差不齐,三分之二同学经过初中三年的学习,在词汇、句型、语法方面都有了一定的基础,能够按着老师的教学进度进行学习活动,还有三分之一学生来自外地,初中时没有学过英语,因为单词量的匮乏,接受起新知识来有些困难,对英语表现兴趣不浓,主动性差,所以在教学中我特别注重以激发学生的学习兴趣为前提,充分发挥学生学习的主动性。

三、教学理念:根据新课程标准的目的和要求,结合教材内容和我班聋生的实际情况,设定适当的教学目标,本课教学遵循聋生认知规律和心理特点,从聋生已有的知识基础和认知能力出发,精心设计教学过程,整个教学过程以激发学生学习语言的兴趣为前提,鼓励学生进行自主创造性活动,尽量做到先学后教,以学定教,让教为学服务。

四、教学目标和重点、难点:基于以上教学理念,结合教材内容和我们班聋生的实际情况,制定以下教学目标和重、难点。

知识与技能:

A:学习、掌握下列新单词和词组:

kindladyladies’roomtelllibrarycrosscrossingacrossmisscurch

cafe

B:学习,理解并掌握“询问方向”(Askingfordirections)和“应答方向”(Givingdirections)的日常交际用语:

询问方向:

Excuseme.Canyoutellmethewaytothe…?

Whichisthewaytothe…

Istherea…nearhere?

Whereisthenearest…..

CanyoutellmehowIcangetthewayto…

指路:

Walk/Goalongthisroadand…

Goupthisroadtotheend./Goonuntil…

Turnleftatthe…crossing.

Goacrossthebridge…It’sbetweenthe…andthe…Youwillsee…infrontofyou.

过程与方法:教师通过图片,视频,创设情景,学生积极参与,通过师生、生生互动,使学生更快地理解和运用关于方向的询问和应答。

情感态度和价值观:通过本课的学习,培养学生的观察力,想象力,创造性和合作性,提高学生学习英语的兴趣,增加学生学习英语的自信心。鼓励学生敢于开口,团结合作,培养他们乐于助人的良好品质。

重、难点:

1.新词汇的熟练掌握。

2.询问方向”(Askingfordirections)和“应答方向”(Givingdirections)的日常交际用语的运用:

五、教学方法:

教法:基于新课程教学理念和我班聋生的实际情况,我在教学中采取启发式教学法、创设情景法、任务型教学方式和多媒体辅助教学。

学法:以教师为主导,学生为主体,学生自主分析,合作探究,师生,生生互动等方法。

六、教学过程:

Step1.Leading-in

1.Warmup.LetSsguesstheplaces.(教师准备好相关图片,教师提问,学生猜。)

A.Ifwewanttoseethefilms,wecangotothecinema.

B.Ifwewanttogoboating,wecangotothepark.

C.Ifweareill,wehavetogotohospital.

D.Ifwewanttoborrowbooks,wecangotothelibrary.

E.Ifwewanttodrinkcoffee,wecangotothecafe.

F.Ifwewanttopostletters,wecangotothepostoffice.

(创设情景,激发兴趣,同时利用这种方式,复习了建筑物的名词)

2.Pairwork:教师出示第六页第一部分的图片问:Whereisthe…?两个人一组对图片上建筑物的位置进行问答。

(通过问答练习,复习关于方位的词:behindbesidenexttooppositeinfrontofattheleftofontherightofinthemiddleofbetween…and…为后面的进一步学习奠定基础。)

Step2.Presentation

1、教师创设情景:假如我现在就站在图片上那个小人的位置上,Canyoutellmethewaytothelibrary?要求学生只需用汉语来描述即可,然后引导学生进入课文第二部分问路指路的句型。

(创设情景,激起学生的学习兴趣,因为本课问路指路的句型对于我们聋生来说太难,在教学中只能循序渐进,先要求其理解,能用汉语正确描述路线,再要求其掌握)

2、教师领读---生生合作探究---教师补充总结问路指路句型

教师先带领大家读一遍,学生合作探究每句的含义。达到理解并掌握,然后教师补充其他问路指路的句型,学生可将其放在一起来记忆。

(在教师指导下,学生合作探究理解并掌握问路指路的句型。体现了以教师为主导,学生为主体的教学方法,同时突破本课重点)

Step3.Practicing

Askformoredirections

使用方框里的句型,来对第一部分图片里的其他位置进行问答练习

Canyoutellmethewaytothechurch/thecafé/thevideoshop/thetheatre?

Goalongthisroadand…

Goupthisroadtotheend.

Goonuntilyoureachtheend.

Turnleftatthe…crossing.

Takethesecondturningontheleft.

Goacrossthebridge.

It’sbetweenthe…andthe…

Youwillsee…infrontofyou.

Youcan’tmissit.

人教版高一英语第一单元教案

篇5:高一第一单元复习教案 教案教学设计

教学目标

1.了解现代诗歌的一般特点,了解诗歌常常借助鲜明生动的形象来抒发感情。

2.提高对现代诗歌的阅读和鉴赏能力。

3.学习诗歌富有表现力的语言。

教学课时  1 课时

教学步骤

一、阅读能力培养。

(1)广泛阅读中外名诗。

(2)诗歌鉴赏要防止僵化、片面的解读。教学中鉴赏诗歌有多种方法。

如:①要抓住诗歌中的意象,尽可能展开联想和想像,理解诗歌的思想感情;

◆意象   1、意象,即诗人意中之象,是寄寓着诗人的独特理解和特定感情的事物和景物,是诗人表达思想、抒发感情载体。比如《雨巷》中创造了两个中心意象:“雨巷”和“丁香”般的“姑娘”。“雨巷”--“悠长”“寂寥”,诗人在其中“独自彷徨”。这个意象表现了诗人在现实世界中的孤独感。“丁香”般的“姑娘”--她“在雨中哀怨,哀怨又彷徨”、“像梦一般地凄婉迷茫”,从这里飘过,不留下一丝痕迹。这个意象表现了诗人对美、爱、理想和希望的企慕与追求,以及没有着落时的迷茫心境和空虚幻灭感。如李白的《春夜洛城闻笛》:

谁家玉笛暗飞声,散入春风满洛城。

此夜曲中闻折柳,何人不起故园情?

要理解题目中的“折柳”的含义,关键就要能理解“柳”的意象。我们知道古诗中的“柳”是有特殊的含义的。柔顺婀娜、随风摆动的“柳”和“留”谐音,另外古人还有折柳送行的习俗,这就很容易引申到“柳--留--惜别--依依不舍”的层面上来。使人联想到,离别的人一看见杨柳,就会想起离别时依依不舍的场面,就会浮现出赠柳惜别的情景,心中就会涌起一缕缕离愁。这样,诗中“折柳”一词所寓含的“惜别怀远”之意就比较容易理解了。2p对于意象,我们要注意它的如下特点: ①主观和客观的统一。意象渗透诗人在特定环境、特定时刻的思想与感情,它不是对事物的客观描摹,即使是诗中最细微、最平常的事物,也都渗透了诗人主观上的情意。例如《再别康桥》这首诗中,柳树、水草、清潭、夏虫,都是寻常景物,但在诗人充满离情别意的眼里,他们都显得那么美丽、迷人而深情依依。②意象之间紧密的内在联系。一个意象运用的好坏,不仅在于这个意象是否鲜明,还在于它在整体中的地位。如果一个意象和作品所要表达的主要思想感情关系不大,没有和其他意象融为统一的整体,那么这个意象就是多余的。③意象要鲜明、有力。意象的形成:物象--形象--意象。

②要知人论世,注意诗歌创作的时代背景和诗人的思想状况,进一步懂得“文章合为时而著,歌诗合为事而作”的道理。也要注意背景与内容又不必机械地一一对应。

如果脱离了诗歌的写作背景去鉴赏诗歌,那是毫无意义的。有些诗歌不联系当时的社会背景,根本就不好理解,如闻一多的《死水》、穆旦的《赞美》等。但一般的考题并没有直接告诉我们诗歌的写作背景,这就需要我们用心去思考。细心的.同学会发现很多诗歌都标明了写作日期,我们就可以从诗歌的写作日期去联想当时的社会背景,并且运用所学到的知识结合诗歌中描写的内容进行思考。如在赏析艾青的诗歌《我爱这土地》时,就应该联系后面的写作日期“1938年11月17日”去思考。1938年,日本侵略者连续攻占了中国的广大地区,所到之处疯狂肆虐,妄图摧毁中国人民的抵抗意志。中国人民奋起抵抗,进行了不屈不挠的斗争。诗人在国土沦丧、民族危亡的关头,满怀对祖国的挚爱和对侵略者的仇恨,写下了这首慷慨激昂的诗。

③要注意诗歌的表达方式和写作技巧。

表达方式:

诗词中主要运用叙述、描述、议论、 抒情四种表达方式,这其中描写、抒情是考查的重点。描写方式有动静结合、托物言志p虚实结合等的不同;抒情方式有(抒情方式 主要有直接抒情和间接抒情两种方式。)直抒胸臆、借景抒情、寓情于景、情景交融情景相生 情因景生 以景衬情 融情入景 一切景语皆情语等。

写作技巧包括:

赋比兴、衬托、对比、渲染、卒章显志、画龙点睛、以小见大、欲扬先抑、联想想象、语序倒置等。

艺术风格:

包括雄浑、旷达、豪放、俊爽、冲淡、沉郁、悲慨、婉约

结构方式:(首尾照应,开门见山、层层深入,先总后分,先景后情、卒章显志,过渡、铺垫、伏笔)

⑤注意明辨各种修辞手法

古诗词中作者常常会运用各种不同的修辞手法,使表情达意丰富形象。

比喻:最常用的技巧。写同一事物还可以用不同比喻。如李煜的“恰似一江春水向东流”,写了“似春水”的“愁之多,之源源不断”。

通感:把视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉沟通起来,如林逋的“暗香浮动月黄昏”,用视觉“暗”写嗅觉“香”、突出梅香的特点。

借代:如用“帆”代“船”,“朱门”代“权贵豪门之家”。

互文:在连贯性话语中,将本应含在一起的词语,分别安排在上下两句,或一句的上下段中,既省字又表意。如白居易的“主人下马客在船”,实际是说:“主人下马在船,客人下马在船”。

设问:如李煜的“问君能有几多愁,恰似一江春水向东流”。

夸张:如辛弃疾的“东风夜放花千树,更吹落,星如雨”。

古诗词常用的修辞还有拟人、反问、反复等,都要求我们去注意。

⑥注意关注诗歌题目

诗歌的题目很重要,往往可以透露出重要的线索,如上海卷,试题为“约客”,作者约人,对方迟迟没有来,环境上“家家雨,处处蛙”的渲染,约了客人,怎么不来?突出了作者等待的焦虑。

⑦注意运用联想、想象

诗歌鉴赏是一种再创造。再创造的主要方式是联想、想象,如王驾的《雨晴》,作者没有描写邻家院子景色,但写了“蜂蝶纷纷过墙去”这一实景。如果考生紧紧依傍这一诗句,透过言在此而意在彼的重重迷雾,会联想到邻家春色美不胜收,如此景致,连路人都会驻足观望,更何况是喜花的蜂蝶呢!

④从诗歌的关键词句入手进行诗歌鉴赏

我们在学习郑愁予的《错误》时,老师都会讲到理解这首诗要从“我不是归人,是个过客”一句入手,这一句是我们理解这首诗的关键,也是突破口。有时候,诗歌中还有一些提示性的语言,如有的诗歌就写了是为谁而作、为何而作等,这也可以作为我们理解诗歌的突破口。舒婷的《这也是一切》下面还有一个小标题“答一位青年朋友的《一切》”就是一个例子。

⑤从诗人的世界观和人生观入手进行诗歌鉴赏

我们说“文如其人”,也可以说“诗如其人”,也就是说诗人有着怎样的世界观和人生观,那么这些观念在他们的诗歌中必然有所折射。我们知道海子是个理想主义者,那么我们从这一印象出发去理解《面朝大海,春暖花开》就更快捷一些。相反,如果我们不了解余光中其人,那么《乡愁》就不好理解。对于比较熟悉的诗人,我们常可以联系诗人的世界观和人生观去进行思考。

古代诗词中常见的思想情感

● 忧国伤时

● 建功报国

● 思乡怀人

● 生活杂感

● 长亭送别

⑧鉴赏用词之妙

“日色冷青松”(《过香积寺》王维 :不知香积寺,数里入云峰。古木无人径,深山何处钟。泉声咽危石,日色冷青松。薄暮空潭曲,安禅制毒龙。

【评析】这是一首写游览的诗,主要在于描写景物。题意在写山寺,但并不正面描摹,而用侧写环境,来表现山寺之幽胜。“云峰”、“古木”、“深山”、“危石”、“青松”、“空潭”,字字扣合寺院身分。最后看到深潭已空,想到《涅诰》中所说的其性暴烈的毒龙已经制服,喻指僧人之机心妄想已被制服,不觉又悟到禅理的高深。全诗不写寺院,而寺院已在其中。构思奇妙、炼字精巧。“泉声咽危石,日色冷青松,”历代被誉为炼字典范。)

大漠孤烟直,长河落日圆(王维《使至塞上》)

王维《使至塞上》:“大漠孤烟直,长河落日圆。”一个“直”字更显荒漠的浩瀚无际,“圆”字更显长河的磅礴远大。

李清照《醉花阴》中:“莫道不消魂,帘卷西风,人比黄花瘦。”“瘦”字是词眼,是全词精神集中表现的地方,因为有刻骨铭心的离愁,所以衣带渐宽,腰肢瘦损。“人比黄花瘦”五字,以生动的形象来表达感情,而“为伊消得人憔悴”之含义,自在其中。

总之,教学过程中要注意调动学生的生活体验,启发学生的悟性和灵性。可以结合单元后面朱光潜先生的文章,进一步领悟诗歌鉴赏的技巧;可以通过诵读,感受诗歌的音乐美,体验诗中的节奏、韵律,体会诗中浓郁的感情;可以通过感知和分析诗歌语言,进行联想和想像,理解诗中生动、鲜明的形象(意象)和品味诗歌的意境美,领悟诗的主旨和意味。

二、掌握古诗词基本知识

诗歌分为古体诗(又称“古风”)、今体诗(又称“格律诗”)。

古体诗:包括“今体诗”出现以前的除“楚辞”以外的所有诗作,也包括“今体诗”出现以后的除“今体诗”以外的所有诗作。“歌、行、吟”分别是古体诗的一种体裁。如岑参的《白雪歌送武判官归京》、白居易的《琵琶行》、李白的《梦游天姥吟留别》。

今体诗:分为律诗、绝句。律诗每首八句,有五律(五字)、七律(七字)。首联(一、二句)、颔联(三、四句)、颈联(五、六句)、尾联(七、八句),颔联、颈联必须对仗。绝句每首四句,有五绝(五字)、七绝(七字),二、四、六、八句押韵,首句可押可不押,一般押平声韵,一韵到底。

词:是今体诗之后产生于盛唐,流行于中唐,发展于晚唐与五代,成就于宋代的一种新诗体。词又称长短句(句子字数不等、长短不一)、诗余(由诗歌发展而来)。根据词的长短,词又分单调(也叫小令,一般认为58字以内)、中调(一般分上下阙,58-96字)、长调(96字以上,三阙以上)。词有词牌,词牌严格律定了每首词的格律和音韵。

曲:即散曲,分为“小令”、“套数”。是宋金时期逐渐形成的一种新诗体。曲与词的最大不同,是曲可在词规定的字数中增加衬字,从而增加语言的生动性,更自由灵活地表达思想与情感。

三、把握不同的诗作题材

就诗作题材内容的不同,古诗词可分为写景(抒情)诗、记事(咏怀)诗、咏史(怀古)诗、咏物(言志)诗、田园(山水)诗、边塞(征战)诗等等。

写景诗:学生在高中阶段大体接触过,毋须多说。

咏怀诗:叙事抒怀,通过具体的事件的叙写来抒写胸臆,抒写个人的恨别、怀远、思乡、离愁、感时等情怀的作品。如王勃的《送杜少府之任蜀州》、杜甫的《春望》。

咏史诗:诗人对某一历史事件或历史人物的咏叹,一般融进了诗人独到的见识,以史咏怀,以史诵人,以史治史,以史喻今。如陶渊明、刘禹锡、杜牧等都是咏史诗的作者。

咏物诗:主要特点是托物言志。这类古诗中的“物”多具有特定意义的意象。如桃花象征美人、牡丹寄寓富贵、杨花有飘零之意等等,不同的意象有不同的内蕴。

山水田园诗:写田园生活和山水风景,陶渊明是田园诗的开山,南朝的谢灵运是山水诗的鼻祖。唐代形成了山水田园诗派,主要有王维、孟浩然、储光羲、常建等。

边塞诗:描写边塞生活与民族矛盾,还有一系列与边塞有关的东西形成于盛唐,最高成就为高适、岑参、王昌龄、王之涣。

四、分清各种风格流派

“风格”是指诗人在选择题材、塑造形象以及语言运用等方面形成的创作特色。如陶渊明的诗恬淡平和,王维的诗诗中有画,李白的诗豪放飘逸,杜甫的诗沉郁顿挫。

流派主要指诗歌的流派和词的流派。

1.诗歌流派:现实主义、浪漫主义

现实主义:提倡客观地观察现实生活,精确细腻地描写现实,真实地表现典型环境的典型人物。源头:《诗经》;代表作家:杜甫、白居易、陆游等。

浪漫主义:善于抒发对理想的热烈追求,用热情奔放的语言、奇特的想象和夸张手法、神话故事来塑造形象。源头:《楚辞》;代表作家:屈原、李白、李贺、龚自珍等。

2.词的流派:豪放派、婉约派豪放派:气势磅礴,格调高昂,意境雄浑,感情激荡。代表人物:苏轼、辛弃疾。

婉约派:笔调柔和,感情细腻,委婉缠绵,韵味深远。代表人物:刘永、姜夔、秦观、李清照。

三、基础知识聚焦

(一)文学常识

1.徐志摩(1896-1931)  现代诗人,“新月派”代表诗人,著有《志摩的诗》《猛虎集》《云游集》等。有名作《再别康桥》等。

2.闻一多(1899-1946)  现代诗人、学者、民主战士。早年参加“新月社”,著有诗集《红烛》《死水》。

3.艾青(1910-)  现代诗人,原名蒋海澄,1932年加入“中国左翼作家联盟”,《大堰河--我的保姆》是他的成名之作。抗战期间,写了长诗《向太阳》《火把》。解放后,又写了《在浪尖上》《光的赞歌》。

4.舒婷  当代女诗人,“朦胧诗派”代表诗人。出版有诗集《双桅船》,并与顾城合编《舒婷、顾城抒情涛选》,她的创作有典型的浪漫主义风格。

5.普希金(1799-1837)  19世纪俄国积极浪漫主义文学的代表和批判现实主义文学的奠基人。著有抒情诗《自由颂》《致恰达耶夫》《致大海》《致诗人》等,中篇小说《上尉的女儿》,代表作长篇诗体小说《叶甫盖尼奥涅金》(也译作《欧根奥涅金》)。

6.华兹华斯(1770-1850)  英国“湖畔派”代表诗人,消极浪漫主义代表诗人。

7.爱密丽狄金森(1830-1886)  十九世纪美国女诗人。诗写得都很短,富有奇想,常寓有深邃的哲理。但也常有玄秘主义和晦涩的毛病。

8.裴多菲(1823-1849)  十九世纪匈牙利最伟大的爱国诗人。他的《自由爱情》一诗被白莽意泽为《爱情和自由》:“生命诚可贵,爱情价更高,若为自由故,二者皆可抛。”在我国流传甚广。

9.词  产生于唐代,最初称曲子词,是民间创作,到中唐时期一些文人也开始作词.经过五代到宋,词发展到了极盛时期。

词最初是配音乐的,后来词逐渐和音乐分离,成为诗的别体,故也有人称词为“诗余”。词牌,就是词的格式的名称。不同的词牌,其段数、句数、韵律,每句的字数、句式、声律,均有各自不同的规格。

篇6:高一政治下册第一单元复习教案

教材分析

本框“国际社会的成员:主权国家和国际组织”是对国际社会概况的静态分析。下设三目。第一目“国际社会的构成”是本框的情景导入,从不同角度导入国际社会的主要成员主权国家与国际组织,让学生感悟国际社会的主要成员的有关内容。第二目“主权国家的地位和国家组织的作用”是情景分析,阐述了主权国家的含义,主权国家与地区的区别,主权国家的构成要素,主权国家的多样性,主权国家的权利和义务,国际组织的分类和作用等。

第三目“活跃在联合国舞台的中国”是情景回归,是对主权国家与国际组织有关知识的深化并有机地融入了政治思想教育的内容,引导学生认识中国在国际社会中是负责任的国家。

学生分析

高一年的学生对时事有较浓厚的兴趣,也具备了搜集材料的能力。结合本框的内容应充分发挥其优点。

教学目标

【知识目标】

知道当代国际社会主要由主权国家和国际组织构成;了解主权国家的构成要素以及其权利和义务;懂得国际组织的内容和作用。

【能力目标】

提高运用马克思主义立场、观点和方法分析和判断国际社会政治现象的能力;培养自主学习、探索有关国际社会中的主权国家、国际组织、中国在国际社会中的活动等知识的能力。

【情感、态度、价值观目标】

关心祖国在国际社会的地位和命运,增强民族的自信心;关注国际社会的发展,树立做负责任大国的心态;培养合作学习,团结友好的精神。

教学重点与难点

重点:主权国家的权利和义务。

难点:国家主权是国家的生命和灵魂

教学方式

谈话、讨论合作与讲授法相结合。

教学用具

传统教学工具(黑板、粉笔)和多媒体课件。

教学过程

【课前探究】

分别搜集有关欧盟,联合国,世界贸易组织等国际组织的材料。

【导入新课】

引用探究与共享情景导入,从四幅图片入手,从它们反映的内容引发学生思考。国家和地区有什么区别?台湾__“参与”联合国的图谋不能得逞的根本原因是什么?当今,国际社会成员有哪些?导入新课。

【教学结构】

一、国际社会的基本构成:主权国家、国际组织

二、主权国家

1.主权国家的地位、分类和构成要素

2.主权国家与地区的区别

3.主权国家的权利和义务

三、国际组织

1.国际组织的含义

2.国际组织的分类和作用

四、活跃在国际舞台上的中国

1.联合国的宗旨、原则、作用

2.中国与联合国的关系

【师生互动】

问题探究:国家与地区的区别在于是否拥有主权;台湾“加入”联合国的图谋之所以不能得逞的根本原因是,台湾不拥有独立的主权,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分,联合国是主权国家参与的政治性国际组织。通过这些问题的探究,让学生明确主权在国家构成要素中的重要地位,它是国家的最重要构成要素,是国家的灵魂。在此基础上,引导学生归纳出国家社会的成员是主权国家、国际组织和地区。

一、国际社会的基本构成:主权国家、国际组织

下面我们就分两个方面来认识国际社会的基本成员。

二、主权国家

1.主权国家的地位、分类和构成要素。

由图片一可以归纳出:主权国家是国际社会的基本成员。

针对联合国安理会五个常任理事国的不同归类,由学生合作探究,主权国家按照不同划分标准可分:

按照国家性质:社会主义国家和资本主义国家。

按照发展程度:发达国家和发展中国家。

设问:作为一个主权国家,它必须具备哪些要素呢?

提示:主权国家的构成要素:人口、领土、政权和主权。从中国半殖民地半封建社会到新中国的成立,重点分析主权的含义,指出它包含两方面的特性:

对内表现:国家权力的至高无上性;

对外表现:国家权力的独立性。让学生明确主权是构成要素中最重要的要素,是一个国家的生命和灵魂。是否拥有主权是主权国家与地区的区别。

2.主权国家与地区的区别。

设问:作为一个主权国家,它享有什么权利?需要履行什么义务?

3.主权国家的权利和义务。

权利:独立权平等权自卫权管辖权。

义务:不侵犯他国,不干涉别国内政,以和平方式解决其国际争端。

师生互动:从海湾战争到伊拉克战争和中国半殖民地半封建社会到新中国的成立,师生共同分析主权国家享有的四项权利和三项义务的内涵。

过渡:在了解了主权国家的一些问题后,让我们来共同学习了解国际社会的另一个成员:

三、国际组织

设问:国际组织指的是什么呢?有什么作用?全球有那么多国际组织,能怎样区分?

1.国际组织的含义。

在当代国际社会中,一些国家、地区或民间团体,出于各种特定目的,通过签定条约或者协议的方式,建立了有一定规章制度的团体,这就是国际组织。

提示:通过由同学们列举你所认识的国际组织,例如欧盟、东盟、联合国、上海合作组织、世界银行、国际货币组织、国际奥委会、国际学生联合会、欧佩克、世界贸易组织等,帮助去划分,可以总结出:依照不同划分标准,可以有不同的类型。

其中有:世界性的和区域性的。政府间的和非政府间的。

2.国际组织的分类和作用。

设问:从欧盟、世界贸易组织、联合国,分析国际组织的作用。

提示:从联合国成立到今年第六十届联合国大会,联合国改革问题,联系最近时事热点,有关日本等国家谋求联合国安理会常任理事国的席位问题,伊拉克战争等问题,激发同学们的学习兴趣。引导学生分析联合国的宗旨、原则以及作用。

四、活跃在国际舞台上的中国

1.联合国的宗旨、原则、作用。

提示:⑴宗旨:维护国际和平与安全,促进国际合作与发展。⑵原则:联系主权国家的权利与义务分析。⑶作用:维护世界和平与安全,促进国际合作与发展,实行人道主义援助方面发挥积极作用。

2.中国与联合国的关系。

设问:从汕头最近的廖海鸥、莫乐参加联合国驻海地维和行动和中国针对联合国改革等问题谈中国与联合国的关系。

【教学总结】

一、对教材知识的归纳总结

本框从不同角度导入国际社会的主要成员主权国家与国际组织,阐述了主权国家的含义,主权国家的构成要素,主权国家的多样性,主权国家的权利和义务,国际组织的分类和作用等。引导学生认识中国在国际社会中是负责任的国家。

二、合作探究

(1)评析德、日、印、巴四国集团谋求在安理会常任理事国席位的行为。

(2)联系当今时代实际,谈谈你对中国与联合国关系的认识。

(3)列举三个以上中国积极参加联合国有利于世界和平与发展活动的典型事例,说明中国在国际社会上是一个负责任的国家。

巩固练习

一位发展中国家的政治家说:“我们不当任何人的小兄弟,不作任何大国的势力范围,我们要独立和主权。”他的话代表广大发展中国家的共同愿望。据此回答1-2题。

1.主权国家的构成要素是

①人口②领土③资源④国防⑤政权⑥主权

A.①②⑤⑥B.②③④⑥C.①②④⑤D.①③⑤⑥

答案:A

2.发展中国家把自己的主权看得比什么都重要,这是因为()

A.只有主权国家才能成为国际社会成员

B.只有主权国家才享有国际法确定的权利

C.主权是一个国家处理国内和国际事务的权力

D.主权是国家的生命和灵魂,是国家存在的最重要因素

答案:D

3.4月9日,欧盟对中国彩电拟征收高达44.6%的反倾销关税。欧洲联盟是()

A.世界的国际政治组织B.世界的非政府间区域经济组织

C.欧洲地区的非政府间国际组织D.欧洲地区的政治经济一体化组织

答案:D

4.208月11日,联合国安理会一致通过关于黎以冲突的决议,呼吁冲突各方“全面停止敌对行动。”这说明联合国()

A.是当今世界的国际组织B.发挥维护世界和平与安全的作用

C.在发挥人道主义援助的作用D.对会员国具有道义上的影响

答案:B

5.下列对中国与联合国关系表述正确的是()

①中国一贯支持联合国的工作②中国一贯支持联合国根据宪章精神所进行的工

作③中国是联合国创始会员国,也是联合国安理会常任理事国之一④中国积极参加联合国及专门机构有利于世界和平与发展的活动

A.①②③B.①③④C.①②④D.②③④

答案:D

教学后记

本框为介绍性内容,若老师单纯讲授势必太单调,因此应发挥学生的主体地位,利用网络拓宽学生的知识面

第二框我国处理国际关系的决定性因素:国家利益

(执笔人:洪涓审稿人:廖世平曾忠民)

教材分析

本框“我国处理国际关系的决定性因素:国家利益”是对国际关系的内容.形式及决定因素的阐述。下设三目。第一目“国家交往剪影”是情景导入,通过五幅有关国际关系的内容与形式的图片及文字介绍,引导学生感悟,探究国际关系的内容与形式的知识。第二目“国际关系及其决定因素”是情景分析,是对课程标准规定关于国际关系及其决定因素的知识点的系统表述。阐明了国际关系的含义,国际关系的内容,形式及国际关系的决定性因素是国际利益,国家力量是国际关系的重要因素。第三目“坚定地维护我国的利益”是情景回归,意在明确国际关系及其决定性因素的基础上,进一步认识中国通过壮大综合国力坚持社会主义方向,抵制外国的干涉等努力,维护我国国家利益。通过这一教学内容的学习引导学生进一步认识,国家力量也是决定国际关系的重要因素,而更重要的是明确中国只有通过增强国家力量才能有效维护国家利益。

学生分析

高一年的学生对时事有较浓厚的兴趣,但往往停留在表面,引导学生透过现象看本质。

教学目标

【知识目标】

识记国际关系的含义、内容和形式,国家力量的含义、我国国家利益的内容。

【能力目标】

理解国家利益对国际关系的决定作用、坚定地维护我国国家利益的重要意义。

【情感、态度、价值观目标】

认识中国通过壮大综合国力坚持社会主义方向,抵制外国干涉等努力,维护国家利益,明确中国只有通过增强国家力量才能有效地维护国家利益。

教学重点与难点:

国家关系的决定因素

教学方式

多媒体、讨论、讲授

教学用具

传统教学工具(黑板、粉笔)和多媒体课件。

教学过程

【课前探究】

1.搜集近期国际国内重大时事。

2.学生讨论:思考P97,探究1,回答其中4个问题。

【导入新课】

观看视频:美国发动伊拉克战争。

引出问题:1、国家关系的含义、内容和表现形式。2、国际关系的决定因素。

【教学结构】

1.国家关系的含义、内容和表现形式

(1)含义

(2)内容

(3)表现形式

2.国际关系的决定因素

(1)国家利益是起决定作用的因素

(2)国家力量是影响国际关系的重要因素

(3)政治意识形态也是影响国际关系的重要因素

3.坚定地维护我国的利益

【师生互动】

复杂多变的国际关系的影响因素有很多,包括历史、地理、政治、经济、文化、意识形态等各个方面,其中最重要的因素是国家利益和国家力量。其中国家利益通常首先体现统治阶级的利益,如20美国发动伊拉克战争,主要维护的是军火商、石油商等资产阶级的利益。

1.国家关系的含义、内容和表现形式。(板书)

学生活动:阅渎教材,归纳要点。

2.国际关系的决定因素。(板书)

(1)国家利益是起决定作用的因素(板书)

提示概括:①国家利益是主权国家制定和实施对外政策的基本依据,是其对外活动的主要目的。国际社会的最主要行为主体是主权国家。一个主权国家对内、对外的基本动因是国家利益。国家利益的内容是非常广泛的,从层次上划分,它可以分为三个主要层次:

一是主权利益,即涉及国家的独立、生存和安全的利益,这是国家最基本的利益;

二是发展利益,即发展国内经济和加强对外的政治、经济等联系,增强对外竞争力,维护本国利益等;

三是参与的利益,即塑造本国在国际社会中的良好形象,增强本国在国际社会中的地位和作用,以便于更好地参与国际事务。

因此,国家利益的核心内容是独立与生存、稳定与发展及国际参与。

从领域上划分,可分为政治、经济、社会、军事、外交、文化、安全等诸领域。

国家利益的内容是变化的,在不同的历史时代,不同阶级性质的国家和不同的国内外环境中,国家利益的内容和目标有所不同。如我国在60年代、70年代、80年代、90年代的外交政策的变化。

国家利益是国家对外活动的出发点和归宿。任何国家总是根据自身的利益而行动的。每个国家的对外政策,首先是维护本国的独立和安全;其次是谋求和保护本国的经济利益。

各国政府为了实现上述目标,都要制定相应的、具体的外交政策,如独立自主政策、对外合作政策、结盟政策、军备政策、战争政策等等。

每个国家对外政策的执行过程,就是国家利益的实现过程,也就是说,国家利益在对外政策实施过程中得到不同程度的实现。

②国家间的共同利益是国家合作的基础,利益的对立是国家间分歧、摩擦乃至冲突的根源。由于各国都以本国利益为原则来处理国家之间的关系,因而形成了国家之间复杂的利益关系。即国家之间既存在共同的利益,又存在对立的利益。

在共同利益的前提下,一个国家对本国国家利益的追求不仅不会损害另一个国家对其国家利益的追求,反而有利于另一个国家对其国家利益的追求,因而,共同利益是国家合作的基础。如打击国际犯罪、全球污染、反对恐怖主义、反大规模性杀伤性武器扩散、国际贸易等等。

在利益对立的前提下,一个国家对本国利益的追求必然损害另一个国家的国家利益,因而,利益对立是国家间分歧、摩擦用到冲突的根源。如领土纠纷、资源分配、贸易争端、霸权主义。

因此,国际社会需要协调国家的利益,处理国家间的矛盾,以促进国际关系的健康发展。

但是,任何国家都不能以维护本国国家利益为理由,侵犯别国主权和安全,干涉别国内政。这样说是非正义、错误的应当受到谴责和反对。从根本、长远的观点看,也是损害本国和本国人民的利益的。如伊拉克战争。(对于这部分内容可以重点结合中美、中日外交关系的展开分析)

学生讨论:“人权高于主权”的说法是否合理。(视频:科索沃战争)

(2)国家力量是影响国际关系的重要因素(板书)

视频:旧金山条约的签订。

学生讨论:弱国无外交。

提示:国家力量又称国家实力、综合国力。它是主权国家赖以生存的基础,是捍卫本国利益,实现国家目标和影响别国的能力,是衡量一个国家在国际社会的地位、作用和影响的重要尺度。具体表现在:①国家力量的大小强弱,影响着国家之间是平等、互助、团结、合作还是妥协、退让、冲突、对抗的关系。

②国家力量的变化,往往引起原来国家之间关系的变化。在当代,各国的经济竞赛和经济竞争从更深层次影响着国际关系的变化发展。当代世界各国以经济和科技为基础的综合国力的竞争必将导致世界现存经济秩序的改变和各国在世界上的实力地位的重新排列,从而影响国际关系的变化。如中国、印度的崛起。

小资料:综合国力主要包括经济、科技、军事、资源、社会发展、政府调控、外交等指标。世界综合国力排名:美国、日本、法国、英国、德国、俄罗斯、中国、加拿大、意大利、澳大利亚、巴西、印度。中国的经济指标约为美国1/3,科技指标为1/7,军事指标为1/5。

(3)政治意识形态也是影响国际关系的重要因素。如冷战、美国遏制中国的意图。

3.坚定地维护我国的利益(板书)

视频:中国与英国对香港问题的谈判,中国与美国对贸易问题的谈判。

提示:中国要坚定的地维护自己的国家利益。我国的国家利益的主要内容包括:安全利益、政治利益、经济利益。我国在维护自身利益的同时,尊重其他国家的合理的国家利益,并维护各国人民的共同利益。

高一政治下册第一单元复习教案

篇7:高一政治政治生活知识点教案(第一单元第一课)

高一政治政治生活知识点归纳教案(第一单元第一课)

高一政治政治生活知识点归纳教案

1、政治与经济关系:经济是政治的基础;政治反作用于经济,政治是经济的集中表现,政治是为经济服务的。

2、我们当前最大的政治是:社会主义现代化建设。

3、政治的核心问题是:国家政权问题。

4、发展社会主义民主政治、建设社会主义政治文明最根本的是:要把党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国有机地统一起来。

第一单元:公民的政治生活

第一课生活在人民当家作主的国家

1、国家:是经济上占统治地位的阶级进行阶级统治的工具。阶级性是国家的根本属性。

2、我国国家性质(国体):中华人民共和国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家。

国家性质的本质是:人民当家作主。(即人民民主专政的本质)

3、人民民主专政的最大特点:对占全国人口绝大多数的人民实行民主,对极少数敌视和破坏社会主义事业的敌对分子实行专政。

4、我国民主的特点:广泛性(表现在:民主主体和民主权利的广泛)

真实性(表现在:有制度、有法律、物质保障和人民利益日益充分实现上)

5、民主与专政的关系:辩证统一或对立统一

对立:民主只适用于人民内部(统治阶级内部),专政则适用于敌对势力.

统一:两者相辅相成、互为前提。民主是专政的基础,专政是民主的`保障。

民主的含义――指在一定阶级范围内(不是全民的),按照平等的原则和少数服从多数的原则来共同管理国家事务的国家制度。民主是与专制相对立的一种国家制度。(民主是相对的、具体的,不是绝对的)

篇8:高一第一单元

高中英语 第一册 第一单元

Unit 1

一、【目的与要求:】掌握本单元出现的单词和词组。

introduce, practice, go away, go on doing , as a result, in one's opinion, take care of ,general idea ,give any regards to sb等等…

二、【日常交际用语】

Nice to meet you. Nice meeting you. I'll introduce you, See you soon .

I must go now . I must be off now. Give one's best wishes to sb …

三、【知识重点与难点分析】

1、Which school were you at last year ? 你去年在哪所大学校读书?此句中的“at”也可用“in”来代替,意思不变。如:Which school are you in?

2、So was my friend Bob White.(=My friend Bob White was also at Centre school.)

我的朋友鲍勃怀特也在那所学校读书。

“So +be/have/助动词/情态动词 +主语”,此结构中的语序是倒装的。这个以so开头的句子内容是接着前句而来的,表示so句中的情况与前句讲的情况相同。例如:

You are a student. So am I. 你是学生。我也是(学生)。

You can speak English ,and so can I. 你会说英语,我也会(说英语)。

He likes playing football. So does his elder brother. 他喜欢踢足球,他哥哥也喜欢(踢足球)。

A: I went to see a film yesterday. 我昨天去看了场电影。

B: Oh, did you? So did I. 哦,是吗?我也去了。

如果上句是否定句,下句就应该用neither或 nor 来引导一个倒装句了。例如:

You are not a student. Neither/Nor am I. 你不是学生,我也不是(学生)。

You have never been to the Great wall .Neither/Nor have. 你没去过长城,我也没去过(长城)。

3、I must be off now. 我现在得走了。

off在这里是副词,在句中作表语,表示“离开”“走开”的意思。当你表示要离开某人或谢绝对方的挽留时,你还可以说:I must go now .=I must be leaving now =I really must be going now.

4、Nice to meet you很高兴见到你。

此句是见面时常用的客气用语。其它见面时常用语还有:

I'm glad to meet you.(=Glad to meet you .)

I'm pleased to meet you.(=Pleased to meet you .)

It's a great pleasure to meet you.

而在分手时,人们常说:It was nice meeting you .(=Nice meeting you). It was nice talking with you (Nice meeting you.).

It was Nice to have talked with you.(=It is nice to have talked with you ).

5、I want to introduce my friend Jane. 我想介绍一下我的朋友简。

introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人,其中“to sb”可以省略。例如:

I'd like to introduce myself (to you). 我想自我介绍一下。

Let me introduce my friend Peter to you? 让我把你介绍给写了先生。

May I introduce my friend Peter to you? 可以向你介绍一下我的朋友彼特吗?

Please allow me to introduce Miss Liu to you all. 请允许我把刘小姐介绍给你们大家。

6、Find out the things which are different in your part of China. 找出与中国你所在地区不同的情况。

find和find out都有“发现”、“找到”的意思。 find通常是指凭一时的感觉或偶然发现,而find out 则是指经过一番努力,研究,计算或探询而发现某物某事,通常有“找出,查明,发现,搞清楚”的意思。例如:

He woke up and found himself in hospital. 他醒来发现自己在医院里。

I found a $5 note on the pavement. 我在人行道上发现了一张5英镑纸币。

Can you find out what time the train leaves? 你能查问出火车什么时候开吗?

They tried to find out who had broken the window. 他们试图查明谁打破了玻璃窗。

Later, he found out a new method of learning English. 后来,他找到了一种学习英语的新方法。

7、I hope you are very well .我希望你一切都好。

Well在此句中是形容词,通常作表语,意思是“健康的”相当于healthy的意思。例如:

I'm not feeling well today .我今天觉得身体不大舒服。

Is she well enough to travel?她身体康复,能够旅行了吗?

He is much better now, thank you.他现在身体好些了,多谢你的关心。(better是well的比较好)

Be, feel, get, look + well 身体好,康复,气色好。

8、So every day I work from dawn until dark. 因此,我们每天 从早到晚地劳动。

from until/till/to 冒意思是“从某时到某时”例如:from morning fill night从早到晚

from beginning to end 自始至终,从头到尾。

9、Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of the tractors.

有时,我们在天黑后还要借助拖拉机的灯光继续干活。

go on doing sth 意思是“继续(做某事),连续不断地(做某事)”

go on to do sth表示(在干完某事后)“接着干另一件事”,即接下去干与原来不同的另一件事。例如:

Although if was raining hard ,they still went on working in the field.

虽然雨下得很大,但他们仍继续在地里干活。

After he finished writing the litter,he went on to read the text of lesson one.

他写完信后,接着读第一课课文。

10 、Although the farm is large,my Dad has only two men working for him.

虽然农场很大,但我爸爸只雇了两个人为他干活。

have sb/sth doing 这一结构表示“使某人或某物持续做某事或动作持续的状态”。在句中have是“使”,“让”的意思, working 是现在分词作宾语two men的补足语。例如:

Don't have the car waiting out side the gate all the time. 不要让汽车一直在门外等着。

The two cheats had the lights burning all day long. 两个骗子让灯整天亮着。

Don't have the water running all day long. 不要让这自来水整天花花地流。

I won't have you talking to Mother like that. 我不允许你对妈妈那样说话。

11、It doesn't often rain in the summer here, As a result we have water the vegetable garden.

这儿夏天不常下雨,因此我们不得不给菜园浇水。

As a resulf (由于的)结果;因此常用在有上下文的情况下。例如:

It was late at night and there was no bus.As a resulf , we had to walk to He village.

夜深了,又没有公共汽车,因此我们不得不步行到那个村庄。

He had some bad fish , As a result ,he felt sick his morning .

由于吃了些坏鱼,所以今天上午他感到不舒服。

As a resulf of (=because of… )意思是“由于”例如:

As a result of fog the flight was delayed. 由于有雾,航班误点了。

He got a rist as the result of his hard work. 由于他工作勤奋,所以他长了工资。

Thousands of people lost their lives as the result of the war.由于那场战争,成千上万的人民丧失了生命。

另:在本句中“To water the vegetable garden”,water一词是用作动词。在英语中有些词虽然词形相同,但词类发生变化,由某一词类(如名词)变成另一词类(如动词)。如下下列句子中Pump, water即有名词,也有动词的用法。well即可用作副词,也可用作名词。

There is a pump is the village.it works very well.we often pump water from the well to water the vegetable garden.

12、Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion.美国人吃肉很多,依我看吃得太多了。

in my opinion =in my view意思是“在我看来,依我看”。近似于I fhink/guess/feel/suppose(我想、我认为、我觉得)等表达形式,都是用来表示个人的看法或意见等。

what was the nicest part of your holiday in your opinion?

在你看来,你假期中哪段时间过的最好?

In my opinion ,autumn is the best season in beijing.在我看来,秋天是北京最好的季节。

In charlie's opinion ,Americans should eat less meat.在查理看来,美国人应该少吃一点肉。

In my opinion and in the opinion of most people.it is a very sound investment.照我的和大多数人的看法,这是一项很可靠的投资。

13、In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the states.

在信中,你问有关美国不同时区的问题。

There are five different time areas in the states 美国有5个不同的时区。

以上两句中的The states都是指The United States of America .美国,美利坚众国略作U.S.A或U.S.。

下句In my state中的state 是指写信人所在的那个州,这时state的开头字母不大写。另外, time areas和 time zones同义都是指时区。

14、Please give my regards to your parents.请代我向你父母问好。

Regard vt. 是动词,作“认为,视为”解。regard sb as a hero 认为某人是英雄。 regard sth as a crime 把某事看作是一种罪恶。例如:

He is regarded as the best dentist in town..他被看作是域里最好的牙医。

在名中regards 是名词,作“问候,致意”解。give my regards /love /best wishes to sb作“代我向某人问好”解。remember me to sb 也有同义。例如:

Please give my best wishes to your wife (=Please remember me to your wife.)请代向你妻子问好。

15、Best wishes. 祝好。

该句通常用于信尾,谨致问候之意,还可以说best regards 祝好!Wishing you good luck /success! 祝你走运/成功!

篇9:第一单元教案

第一单元四则运算

第一课时:课题加减法的意义和各部分间的关系

教学内容:教材P2-4

教学目标:

知识与技能:

1.从实例中归纳加减法的意义和关系,初步理解加法与减法的意义以及它们之间的互逆关系。

2.初步学会利用加减法算式中各部分之间的关系求解加减法算式中的未知数。

过程与方法:培养学生发现数学知识和运用数学知识解决问题的能力。

情感态度与价值观:培养学生认真仔细的良好学习习惯。

教学重难点:理解加、减法的意义和利用加减法的关系求加减法中的未知量。

从实例中探究加、减法的互逆关系。

教学准备:多媒体

教学过程:

一、复习铺垫

加减5分钟口算。

【设计意图:复习所学的数的知识,为新课做铺垫】

二、理解加减法的意义

1、理解加法的意义。

出示例1

(1) 一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814 km,格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142 km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米?

(1)问:根据这道题你收集到了哪些信息?

(让学生尝试用线段图表示)

(2)请学生根据线段图写出加法算式。

814+1142=1956或1142+814=1956

师:为什么用加法呢?

那怎样的运算叫做加法?(小组讨论)

(根据这两个算式,结合已有的知识讨论并试着用语言表示什么是加法。)

(3)小结:把两个数合并成一个数的运算,叫做加法。(出示加法的意义)说明加法各部分名称通过现实情境引入例题,能促使学生积极主动的参与到学习中来。

在得出算式以后,要多问学生为什么要用加法做?以培养学生的抽象概括能力

理解减法的意义

能不能试着把这道加法应用题改编成减法应用题呢?

根据学生的回答,出示例1(2)(3)尝试用线段图表示:

师:根据线段图写出两道减法算式,并说说这样列式的理由。

1956-814=1142或1956-1142=814

(2)问:怎样的运算是减法?(小组讨论)

(根据这两个算式,结合已有的知识讨论并试着用语言表示)

小结:已知两个加数的和与其中的一个加数,求另一个加数的运算,叫做减法。(出示)

说明减法各部分名称

【设计意图:通过现实情境引入例题,能促使学生积极主动的参与到学习中来。

在得出算式以后,要多问学生为什么要用加法做?以培养学生的抽象概括能力】

三、探究、理解加法和减法之间的关系。

1.问:上面的这些算式,你觉得它们之间有什么联系?观察上述四道算式中数字位置间关系,思考加法和减法之间的关系。然后以小组的形式进行讨论。(小组讨论。个别汇报)

2.根据学生的汇报,出示:

加数 + 加数 = 和

被减数 - 减数 = 差

3.师归纳并小结:减法是加法的逆运算。(板书)

4.加法各部分之间的关系。

出示:814+1142=1956

814=1956-1142

1142=1956-814

问:观察算式,你能得到什么结论?

和=加数+加数

加数=和-另一个加数

5.减法各部分之间的关系。

出示:800-350=450

800=450+350

350=800-450

问:通过观察这组算式,你能得出减法各部分的关系吗?

观察这组算式讨论归纳得:

被减数=差+减数减数=被减数-差

【设计意图:利用加法各部分之间的关系到处减法中各部分的关系,使学生明确减法是加法的逆运算这一结论,让学生根据算式直接写得数,能在应用中巩固相关知识】

四、巩固新知(多媒体出示题目)

1. 根据2468+575=3043,直接写出下面两道题的得数。

2. 根据加、减法各部分间的关系,写出另外两个等式。

五、小结:

师:谁来说说我们这节课学习了些什么?你知道了什么呢?

【设计意图:回顾本节课的学习内容,使学生养成对所学知识当堂学习、当堂梳理、当堂消化、当堂掌握的良好学习习惯。】

作业布置:练习“做一做”及课后练习一的1――5题

板书设计:

加减法的意义和各部分间的关系

加法各部分间的关系减法各部分间的关系

差 =被减数 - 减数

和=加数+加数被减数=差+减数

加数=和-另一个加数减数=被减数-差

课后反思:本节课注重创设情境,来理解加减法的意义及各部分间的关系,便于学生学习和理解,达到了较为理想的教学效果。

第二课时:课题乘、除法的意义和各部分间的关系

教学内容: 教材P5-7

教学目标:

知识与技能:理解乘除法的意义,理解除法是乘法的逆运算,并会在实际中应用。

过程与方法:学生自己总结乘、除法各部分间的关系,并会应用这些关系进行乘、除法的验算。在分析过程中,培养学生的推理、概括能力。

情感态度与价值观:培养学生养成良好的验算习惯

教学重难点:掌握乘、除法各部分间的关系,并对乘、除法进行验算。

教学难点:理解乘、除法的互逆关系,以及用除法意义说明一些题为什么用除法解答。

教学准备:多媒体

教学过程:

一、导入

我们已经做过大量的整数乘除法计算和应用题的练习,对于乘除法知识也有了初步的了解.这里我们要在原有的知识基础上,对乘除法的意义加以概括,使同学们能运用这些知识解决实际问题.

(板书课题:乘除法的意义)

【设计意图:为学习新知做准备。】

二、理解乘除法的意义

1.乘法的意义

出示例1(1)

用加法算:3+3+3+3=12

用乘法算:3× 4=12

师:为什么用乘法呢?

那怎样的运算叫做乘法?(小组讨论)

(根据这两个算式,结合已有的知识讨论并试着用语言表示什么是乘法。)

小结:求几个相同加数的和的简便运算,叫做乘法。(出示乘法的意义)说明乘法各部分名称

2.理解除法的意义

能不能试着把这道乘法应用题改编成除法应用题呢?

出示例2(2)(3)

(1)问:与第(1)题相比,第(2)、(3)题分别是已知什么?求什么?怎样算?

列式计算:12÷3=412÷4=3

(2)问:怎样的运算是除法?(小组讨论)

(根据这两个算式,结合已有的知识讨论并试着用语言表示)(3)小结:已知两个因数的积与其中一个因数,求另一个因数的运算,叫做除法。说明除法各部分名称

(4)教学除法是乘法的逆运算.

引导学生观察:第②、③与①的已知条件和问题有什么变化?明确:在乘法中是已知的,在除法中是未知的;在乘法中未知的,在除法中变成已知的.也就是乘法是知道两个因数求积,而除法与此相反,是知道积和其中一个因数求另一个因数,所以除法是乘法的逆运算.

(5)教学乘除法各部分间的关系:引导学生根据上面第①组算式总结乘法各部分间的关系.教师概括: 积=因数×因数一个因数=积÷另一个因数.(板书)引导学生观察第②组算式,自己总结出除法各部分间的关系.

(6)商=被除数÷除数除数=被除数÷商被除数=商×除数

想一想:在有余数的除法里,被除数与商、除数和余数之间有什么关系?

(7)使学生根据已有的知识,自己总结乘法的各部分间的关系

【设计意图:通过练习,进一步加深对各部分间的关系,让学生熟能生巧让学生根据自己已掌握的知识总结有余数的除法之间的关系。】

三、巩固新知

课后做一做

四、小结:

通过这节课的学习,你有什么收获和体会?

【设计意图:回顾本节课的学习内容,使学生养成对所学知识当堂学习、当堂梳理、当堂消化、当堂掌握的良好学习习惯。】

作业布置五、作业:练习二1--5题

板书设计:

乘、除法的意义和各部分间的关系

积=因数×因数

因数=积÷另一个因数.

商=被除数÷除数

除数=被除数÷商

被除数=商×除数

课后反思:本节课在教学过程中,吐出来学生的经历和体验,培养了学生的主体意识,在主动获取知识的过程中,即获得了解决问题的方法,提高了学生数学的思维能力,又体验了成功的快乐。

第三课时课题0的运算

教学内容:教材P8-12

教学目标:

知识与技能:知道关于0的运算应该注意的问题。

过程与方法:培养学生整理知识的能力。

情感态度与价值观:培养学生认真仔细的学习态度。

教学重难点:0不能做除数及原因。

教学准备:多媒体

教学过程:

一、复习引入:口算

100+0=0+568=0×78=

0÷23=128-128=0÷76=

235+0=99-0=49-49=

0+319=0×29=

24+0=

70-0=

【设计意图:通过口算练习唤起学生对0的记忆】

二、探究新知

1.将上面的口算分类.根据分类的结果说一说关于0的运算都有哪些。

2.一个数与0相加;一个数减0;一个数与0相乘的结果分别是多少。

3.0除以一个数的结果是多少?在这里为什么不说一个数除以0.

三、0为什么不能做除数(讨论)

0不能作除数。例如,5÷ 0不可能得到商,因为找不到一个数同0相乘得到5。0÷ 0不可能得到一个确定的商,因为任何数同0相乘都得0。

小结:归纳所有0的运算

一个数加上0,还得原数。被减数等于减数,差是0。

0除以一个非0的数,还得0。一个数和0相乘,仍得0。

四、课堂测评

1.计算

(1)36+0=(2)0+68=

(3)0×68=(4)54-0=

(5)0÷28=(6)128-0=

(7)0÷36=(8)25+0=

(9)99-0=(10)49-49=

(11)0+39=(12)0×9=

【设计意图:通过随堂测评帮助学生熟悉0在运算中的特性,让学生能对0的计算有一个更加深入地认识】

五、巩固练习:

第8页:7

六、归纳反思

这节课我们有什么收获。还有什么疑问。关于0的运算应该注意的

【设计意图:回顾本节课的学习内容,使学生养成对所学知识当堂学习、当堂梳理、当堂消化、当堂掌握的良好学习习惯。】

七、作业布置:第8页8、9、10题

板书设计:

0的运算

一个数加上0,还得原数。被减数等于减数,差是0。

0除以一个非0的数,还得0。一个数和0相乘,仍得0。

课后反思:本节课重点解决“0为什么不能做除数”,这也是本节课的难点。为了使教学突破这个难点,我结合教材提出问题“如果用0作除数,结果会怎样?”接着出示5÷0=□,0÷0=□两个算式,让学生通过分析说明观点同时引导学生“分析除法的意义”和“由乘法想除法”。如: 0÷0=?,因为任何数与0相乘的积都等于0,所以0÷0的结果有无数个。学生能自己从验证过程中得出0不能作除数的结论。

第四课时课题带括号的四则运算

教学内容:教材P 9

教学目标:

知识与技能:通过学习,学生理解带中括号的四则混合运算的运算顺序,

过程与方法:能熟练习的进行运算的能力。

情感态度与价值观:培养学生良好的学习习惯。

教学重难点:理解带中括号的四则混合运算的运算顺序 。

教学准备:课件

教学过程:

一、复习引入:

1.一个算式里只有加减法或只有乘除法,按怎样的顺序计算?

举例

2.一个算式里有加减法,又有乘除法,按怎样的顺序计算?

举例

3.一个算式里有括号,按怎样的顺序计算?

举例

4.今天我们学习“四则运算”,到底什么是四则运算呢?

概括:加法、减法、乘法和除法统称四则运算。我们以前学习的混合运算就是四则运算。

【设计意图:直接揭示学习任务,明确学习目标】

二、新知探究

出示例4:96÷ 12+4× 2

1.说说运算顺序。

2.如果在96÷ 12+4× 2的基础上加上小括号,变成96÷(12+4)× 2,运算顺序怎样?(先算小括号里面的)

96÷(12+4)× 2

=96÷ 16× 2

=6× 2

=12

3、如果在96÷(12+4)× 2的基础上加上中括号“[]”,变成另一个算式96÷[(12+4)× 2],运算顺序怎样?(说明:一个算式里既有小括号,又有中括号,要先算小括号里面的,再算中括号里面的)

96÷[(12+4)× 2]

=96÷ [16×2]

=96÷ 32

=3

4.阅读“你知道吗?”

5.总结:

运算顺序:

(1)在没有括号的算式里,如果只有加、减法或者只乘、除法,都要从左往右按顺序计算。

(2)在没有括号的算式里,有乘、除法和加、减法,要先算乘、除法。

(3)算式里有括号的,要先算括号里面的。

【设计意图:从没有括号的算式到加上小括号和中括号的算式,一步步明确计算顺序并计算,从说到做,激活学生已有的知识经验。通过了解数学史,培养学生探索和学习数学的兴趣】

三、巩固练习

做一做 先说一说下面各题的运算顺序,再计算。(多媒体出示题目)

【设计意图:通过练习,巩固计算方法,提高学生的计算能力。】

四、总结:

这节课学习了什么?还有什么问题吗?

【设计意图:回顾本节课的学习内容,使学生养成对所学知识当堂学习、当堂梳理、当堂消化、当堂掌握的良好学习习惯。】

五、作业布置:课后做一做及练习三的第一题

板书设计:

带括号的四则运算

96÷(12+4)× 296÷[(12+4)× 2]

=96÷ [16×2]=96÷ 16× 2

=96÷ 32=6× 2

=3=12

课后反思:本节课是在学生学习过小括号的基础上学习的,内容上并不难,这节课学生的学习气氛很浓,能积极思考和应用,个别学生在计算时痴线格式上的错误,课后应做好

第五课时课题租船问题

教学内容:教材P10页内容

教学目标:

知识与技能:经历在具体情境中解决租船问题,尝试解决问题的不同方法,形成解决问题的基本策略。

过程与方法:在解决问题的过程中,培养比较分析判断的能力。

情感态度与价值观:在实际生活情境中体会数学的价值。

教学重点:掌握解决租船问题的基本策略。

教学难点:通过对现实数据的分析进行合理调整,寻找最佳方案。

教学准备:多媒体

教学过程:

一、激趣引入,提出问题

1.师:同学们,春天到了,老师想组织一次春游活动,他们想去划船,遇到了租船问题,请帮他们想一想,怎样租船最省钱?(板书:租船问题)

【设计意图:从现实生活的事例引出研究内容,不但可以激发学生的探究兴趣,而且可以提升学生用数学的眼光观察生活,审视事物和用已有知识解决实际问题的意识。良好的开端是成功的一半。】

二、自主探索,研究问题

1.出示问题:人数:32人

小船租金:24元/艘 大船租金:30元/艘

小船人数:4人/艘 大船人数:6人/艘

2.师:怎样租船最省钱?这个问题怎样解决呢?你们有什么想法?可以同桌一组讨论一下。

3.学生独立完成,教师采样,合作交流:

提示:大船和小船的租金不一样,坐的人数不一样,每人付的钱…… 大船:30÷6=5(元) 小船:24÷4=6(元)

大船便宜,尽量多租大船。

如果都用大船需要多少钱? 32÷6=5(条)……2(人)

5条大船,1条小船:30×5+24×1=174(元)

师:这是最省钱的方法吗?你还有什么想法?

【设计意图:在算一算、比一比的过程中进一步体会实际问题的复杂性和数学方法的灵活性,同时把相关内容进行了整理,使学生先假设再调整的方法有更全面的认识。】

拓展导学

三、逐步调整,深入研究

1.生:租5条大船,1条小船,小船上还会空出两个座位,如果不空座位会不会更省钱?

2.师:小组合作,再调整试试,看看能否说明5条大船和1条小船是最省钱的? 小组合作,再次调整试一试。

3.反馈交流,上台展示:

租4条大船和2条小船,需要花费:

4条大船:30×4=120(元) 2条小船:24×2=48(元) 120+48=168(元)

四、总结过程,形成方法

1.师:我们是怎样解决这个问题的?

生:先假设,再调整。

2.介绍假设策略:

五、巩固练习、拓展提升

1.出示题目:P11 练习三 春游 问题:怎样租车更省钱?

2.某公园门票售价有两种方案:

方案A:成人150元/人 儿童60元/人 方案B:团体(5人及5人以上100元/人)

(1)如果有6个成人、4个儿童,怎样购票最合算?

(2)如果有4个成人、6个儿童,怎样购票最合算?

【设计意图:小学阶段的计算教学不能仅仅着眼于“情景”和“解决”本身,应该更加重视问题解决过程和结果的理性上。通过表格对实际问题的解决和分析,在比较中自然的感悟调整方向的确定,形成最终科学和严谨的结论】

六、全课总结,升华认识

1.问:这节课有什么收获?

2.问:今天这节课你最感兴趣的是什么?

【设计意图:让学生能够在知识、能力、数学思想方法以及学习方法上有所收获。】

作业布置:练习二第6、7、8题

板书设计:

解决问题

租船问题:租4条大船和2条小船,需要花费:

大船:30×4=120(元)

2条小船:24×2=48(元) 120+48=168(元)

课后反思:本节课的教学目的是通过不同的租船方法,向学生渗透优化思想,在多种方案中通过比较、对比,得出最佳方案。 课上采用研讨,交流的教学方式,每个孩子都非常高兴的把自己的方法和同学们分享。教师适时点拨,孩子们理解的不错,学的也高兴。

篇10:第一单元教案

教学反思:

本节课教学能紧密联系学生的生活实际,利用学生熟知的、感兴趣的计算,用家到学生经过的时间来组织教学。一方面教师要相信学生,给予学生自主探索、合作交流的时间与空间,引导学生通过自己的经验得出计算的时间和方法。另一方面教师也要细致引导,通过学生对计算方法的总结和实际应用巩固所学。通过不断地积累解决问题的策略,培养学生的创新意识和实践能力。

第3课时:时、分、秒的练习

教学目标:

1、通过贴近学生生活实际的素材,在丰富多彩的实践活动中充分体会时、分、秒的实际意义。

2、通过练习,学生比较熟练地进行一些简单的时间计算。

3、进一步了解数学在现实生活中的应用,增强学习数学的兴趣和信心,形成独立思考的习惯。

教学重点:

时间单位的简单转换和求经过时间的方法。

教学难点:

用时针的知识解决生活中的实际问题。

教学过程:

一、基本练习

1、完成“练习一”第3题。

要求学生先估计,再实际进行验证,验证的数据可以由学生和家长一起完成。

2、完成“练习一”第4题。

先让学生独立完成,再让学生说一说每一题是怎么比较的,允许学生用不同的方法进行比较,只要说得有道理就行。

3、完成“练习一”第5题。

读读书上的三个例子,并要求学生根据生活经验说一说做这些事情需要多长时间。

4、完成“练习一”第6题。

先让学生尝试做一做,分别测量在跑步或跳绳后,1分钟内心跳和呼吸次数的变化情况。

5、完成“练习一”第8题。

学生计算经过的时间。如果部分学生有困难,让他们借助钟面模型加以演示、理解,教师给予适当的帮助。

6、完成“练习一”第9题。

指名说说题意。学生独立列式,说说自己的计算方法。

二、补充题目。

1、1分=( )秒 4时=( )分 9分○9秒 36分○2时

5分=( )秒 150秒○2分 400分○4时 10分○1时

2、电影《神奇的宇宙》从2:05开始,到2:50结束,这场电影放映了多长时间?

三、全课总结:你现在回算经过的时间吗?计算经过的时间应注意什么?

四、布置作业:“练习一”的第10、11题。

教学反思:

本节练习课,通过学生自主解决问题等活动,培养了学生独立思考、勇于创新、善于表达的能力。学生在倾听与表达中,可以学到的时间计算方法,体验到将数学知识应用与生活的快乐。

篇11:第一单元教案

一、教材分析。

本单元为“元宵节”,主要结合正月十五这一中国的传统节日而安排。在寒假,小朋友们刚刚度过了欢乐、热闹的新年。虽然已经开学了,大部分孩子还沉浸在过年祥和、高兴的气氛中。这一单元就是要小朋友们能够在“正月十五”元宵节到来之时,在教师的引导下既了解中国传统节日、文化又感受到节日的欢乐,感受到生活与学习的联系,增加学习的兴趣、感受到学习的乐趣。

本单元中有两篇课文和一个语文天地。两篇课文:《元宵节》和《看花灯》,以儿歌的方式呈现,朗朗上口、生动形象,与孩子的生活紧密联系。语文天地中安排了“描一描,写一写”、“抄一抄”、“组词”、“照例子说一说”、“读一读”等练习,起着承上启下的作用,便于学生复习上一学期的拼音生字等知识,也对本单元的知识进行练习、延伸。

二、教学目的。

知识与能力 1. 使学生了解祖国的传统节日。体会其中的乐趣,在增长知识的同时受到良好的爱国主义教育。

2.学习25个生字,巩固学过的字。会书写单韵母,并且逐步复习和练习组词,逐步会组词,掌握识字的方法。

3.理解课文的意思,会组词。背诵课文;自读短文。

情感态度:1 使学生了解祖国的传统节日。体会其中的乐趣,在增长知识的同时受到良好的爱国主义教育。

2养成阅读的好习惯以及勤于复习、练习的好习惯。

过程和方法:1基本掌握听读识字的方法,培养学生自检的习惯。

3 学习搜集整理资料,参与班级活动。

三、重难点:

培养学生学习热情和习惯是重点。难点是使学生能够熟练、有感情的朗读《元宵节》、《看花灯》两篇课文,并且要能有感情的背诵《元宵节》这一篇。认识本单元的25个生字,会写16个生字,并且逐步复习和练习组词,逐步会组词,掌握识字的方法。

四、教学准备。

卡片、录音机、磁带等

五、课时安排:

课时分配课题

共6课时 综合实践活动 课余时间一个半小时课时

元宵节 2课时

看花灯 2课时

语文天地 2课时

六 、学生情况分析:

学生拼音、拼读掌握较好,能借助拼音自学生字,儿歌中有的生字学生已经认识。引导学生用多种方法识字。由于本地没有相应的社会活动,学生缺乏感性认识。

教学设计

《元宵节》语文综合实践活动设计方案

一 、目的及意义。

1 结合学习第一课《元宵节》,使学生在活动中轻松完成识字任务。

2 着眼点:过程与方法。鼓励学生自己动手组织活动,参与到整个活动中来,体现“学生是学习和活动的主体”这个理念。培养他们组织和参与活动的能力,包括合作能力、参与能力、搜集整理信息的能力、获取新知识的能力

情感态度:让学体会到自己才是学习活动的主人,获得成就感,激发他们积极、主动求知的愿望,

3 丰富学生的学习生活,使他们感到学校和学习都是生机盎然的,充满趣味的。

二 、基本情况

1 时间:正月十六晚上6:00――8:00

2 地点:本班教室内外

3 人员:本班全体学生及自愿参加的家长、教师。

4 要求:每个学生至少带一个灯笼,查阅资料,或自制灯谜若干,写在纸条上。要符合一年级学生认知水平,并自备奖品,准备奖励给猜出自己制作的灯谜的同学。可以请求家长协助(比如写灯谜),但不能完全代替。

三、活动基本思路。

1 动员,集思广益。在正月十六早晨报到完后,教师讲话,激发学生的兴趣,鼓励学生讨论如何办好这次活动。归纳总结活动方法,鼓励大家积极筹备,简单分工。(比如哪些同学重点搜集跟“羊”有关系的词语,哪些同学重点搜集喜庆的词语,或是跟元宵节有关的知识等。提示学生如何搜集资料,制作灯谜。

2 教师,做好领路人。为了落实活动中的知识能力目标,教师一方面做好引导,一方面也要参与到活动中去。我设计制作一些灯谜,有意识地包含第一课的生字词以及一些估计学生不好完成的目标。

3 家长,好帮手。充分调动家长这支好帮手队伍。请几个比较有组织能力的家长来协助管理,以便更有秩序的搞好活动,同时也让家长从中体会新课程的理念。

篇12:第一单元教案

教学内容:

单元复习(3)

教学目标:

通过一些具体习题的练习,能灵活运用所学知识解决问题,提高学生解决实际侍獾哪芰α?p>

教学过程:

一、填空:

1、最大的三位数与最大的一位数的商是( )。

2、□15÷4要使商是两位数,那么□中最小可以填( )。

3、已知453÷5=90……3,那么( )×( )+( )=453

4、在一个除法算式 中,除数和商都是9,则被除数是( )。

5、7□□÷6,如果□中可以填任何数字,那么这个除法算式的商的最高位是( )位。

二、解决实际问题

1、400元可以帮助一名失学儿童完成一年的学业,星星小学三年级4个班的捐款正好能帮助2名失学儿童,平均每班捐了多少元?

2、小明9分钟行585米,如果他照这样的速度从家到学校用了17分钟,小明家到学校的路程是多少米?

3、布娃娃 橡皮泥 恐龙玩具 小帆船玩具

170元 86元 238元 74元

现在这些商品都是半价出售。

(1)现在这些商品分别是多少钱?

(2)小强有200元钱,他会买哪些玩具呢?请你帮他想一想。

4、小红看一本168页的故事书,她3准备个星期把它看完,他平均每天看多少页?

5、李师傅6小时加工54个零件,照这样计算,加工108个零件需要几小时?

课后小记:

第一单元 除法 第12课时

篇13:第一单元教案

学习目标:

1、认识“万、复、苏、柳”等13个生字,有主动识字的愿望。

2、正确、整齐、规范书写“万、冬、齐、丁、百”5个生字。

3、正确、流利地朗读韵文,了解春天给大地带来的变化,感受春天的美好,产生观察大自然的兴趣。。

学习过程:

一、创设情境,激趣导入

1、导语:今天,老师请来了一个朋友(出示:燕子),打个招呼吧!

2、小燕子在唱什么歌?(春天来了,快让我们一起走进美丽的春天吧!)

3、愿意和小燕子一起去看看美丽的春天吗?

二、初读韵文,识记生字

1、出示春景图。你看见了什么,用最美丽的语言说给小燕子听一听。(学生说话,随机出示韵文)

2、说的真美,小燕子是怎么说的呢?

3、自由读韵文。要求:读准字音,不认识的多读几遍。

4、反馈:指明读带拼音的生字。交流识字的方法。齐读。

5、出示带拼音的词语。分组合作学习

6、小组汇报读,师生评议

7、出示不带拼音的词语。齐读。

三、理解韵文,领略春天

1、经过识字比赛,小燕子很高兴,送出了许多学习奖品。还想得到奖品吗?让我们一起进入朗读打擂台。

2、分组合作,小组为单位进行朗读比赛。

3、最佳朗读小组得一到“智慧题”――让学生将词语贴在与“春景图”相适应的地方。

4、看图背诵韵文。

四、指导写字。

五、实践活动。

1、去大自然找春天

说一说:你听到春天的声音了吗?你看见春天的色彩了吗?

画一画:美丽的春天图

找一找:春天在哪里呢?

2、收集有关描写春天的词语。

1 柳树醒了

学习目标:

1、认识“醒、雷”等8个生字,会写“说、话”等6个字。

2、正确流利地朗读课文,背诵课文。能通过朗读去感知和感悟春天的美。

3、能展开想象,用自己的眼光发现春天里事物的变化。

重点:认识生字和朗读指导。

难点:通过朗读去感知春天的美,用自己的眼光发现春天里事物的变化。

教学准备:课前请学生去观察一下春天里事物的变化;准备一些相关的春天的图片。 1/7 1 2 3 4 5 6 下一页 尾页

教学时间:3课时

第一课时

课时目标:

1、认识“醒、雷”等8个生字,会写“春”字。

2、正确、流利地朗读课文。

教学过程:

一、激趣,引入新课。

1、你喜欢春天吗?板书“春”字,说说你看见这个字想到什么?

2、做“一字开花”游戏,看谁说得多。

板书:春雷 春雨 春风 春燕

3、出示课文插图或多媒体课件,感受春天大地复苏的情景。

二、初读,了解短文

1、学生听老师配乐朗读,说说课文写了春天的什么景物?板书:柳树

2、借助拼音,自读课文,说说柳树在谁的帮助下醒了?(见板书)

3、选择自己喜欢的一节诗美美地读一读,说说柳树怎么了。

三、学习生字。

1、读第一节,老师板画春雷(闪电),出示生字“雷、醒”。怎么记住这两个字?读音有什么特点?

2、读第二节,老师板画柳枝,出示生字“澡、枝”、“软”。谁能发现这“澡、枝”的偏旁表示什么意思?怎么记住“软”字?

3、读第三节,学生板画,出示生字“梳、梢”。谁发现了这两个字的特点?

4、读第四节,说说“小柳絮”指什么?它是什么样的?学生根据同学的介绍,板画柳絮飞舞的情景。

5、齐读第五节,通过比较认识“耍”字。“要―耍”有什么不同?怎样记住“耍”字?

4、同桌抽读生字卡片,开火车读。

5、把这些生字放在课文中你还认识它们吗?自由读读全文。

6、巩固生字。

(1)出示课后“我会读”中的词语,先学生试着读,再指名读。想想有哪个词的意思你不明白?

(2)做词语连线练习,巩固识记生字。

春雷 柳树 说话 醒

春风 柳梢 洗澡 长高

春雨 小朋友 梳头 软 2/7 首页 上一页 1 2 3 4 5 6 下一页 尾页

柳树 柳枝 玩耍 绿

四、学写“春”字。

1、请学生说说字的组成和关键笔画。

2、老师范写,学生写3个,教师巡回指导。

第二课时

课时目标:正确流利地朗读课文,能通过朗读去感知和感悟春天的美。

教学过程:

一、复习检查。

1、卡片认读生字和词语。

2、开火车给生字找朋友。

二、学习课文,朗读感悟。

1、读题,“柳树醒了”是什么意思?

2、读读课文,你从哪些地方知道“柳树醒了”?

3、“柳树醒了”说明什么?

4、你读了课文以后有什么感觉,选择你最喜欢的一段课文,读出你的感觉

篇14:第一单元教案

课题三 左、右

课型:新授课

授课时间:第 周第 课时

教学内容:教科书第3页内容、2做一做第1题,练习一第6题。

教学目标:

1、通过直观演示和动手操作,使学生认识“左、右”的基本含义,初步了解它们的相对性。

2、使学生会用“左、右”描述物体的相对位置。

3、培养学生团结协作的精神。

教学重点:

使学生认识“左、右”的基本含义,了解它们的相对性,会用“左、右”描述物体的相对位置。

教学难点:

二者相比的相对性。

教具、学具准备:教师:录音机、磁带、课件等;学生:学习用品。

教学过程:

一、导入:

今天我给大家请来了一位老朋友,想知道是谁吗?(课件演示米老鼠智慧交通)指挥交通干什么?我们平时走路靠那边走?由此引出左右。

二、学习新知:

1、分辨自己身体的左右。

(1)你能指出你的左边、右边吗?

(2)其实我们身上有些部分也左右,你能找出来吗?

(3)米老鼠想做健身操给大家看一看。(课件演示,学生跟着一起做)

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,小手伸出来。

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,右手伸出来。

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,左手伸出来。

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,左肩抖一抖。

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,右肩抖一抖。

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,右脚跺一跺。

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,左脚跺一跺。

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,右手伸出来。

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,左手伸出来。

小手拍拍,小手拍拍,小手放下来。

(4)出示手模型板帖。

2、进一步认识左和右。

(1)你会用左和右说一句话吗?

(2)在日常生活中左手和右手可以做些什么事?

(3)说一说你现在坐的位置(左右、左边几个人),

3、左右的相对性。

(1)准备好你的各种学习用品。同位两个合作,动手摆一摆。

(2)提出要求:

①把数学书放在课桌的中间。

②铅笔放在数学书的左边。

③尺子放在数学书的右边。

④橡皮放在数学书的左边、尺子的右边。

⑤摆在最左边的是什么?摆在最右边的是什么?

……

(3)小组内打乱顺序摆一摆、说一说,看看自己发现了什么?(我的左边有什么,你的左边有什么?)

(4)师生共同活动:我举右手,小朋友也举右手,发现了什么?

三、练习:

1、第4页做一做第2题。

你的前面是( ),后面是( ),

左边是( ),右边是( )。

从前往后数你是第( ),

从左往右数你是第( )。

2、完成练习一第6题。

四、小结。

通过这节课的学习,你学会了什么?

作业布置:

板书设计:

认识左、右

左 右

右 左

课后小记:

课题四 位置

课型:新授课

授课时间:第 周第 课时

教学内容:教科书第5~9页

教学目标:

1、结合学生实际,根据行、列举确定物体位置。

2、学会确定物体位置。

3、培养学生团结合作的精神。

教学重点:结合实际正确描述物体位置,理解相对性。

教学难点:理解相对性。

教具、学具准备:主题图。

教学过程:

一、导入:

小朋友们,今天有一位小客人来到我们班里,首先让我们表示热烈的欢迎。

二、学习新知:

1、这位小客人坐在哪里呢?他坐在第1组第2个,谁能很快地找出他来?(出现四种找法,分别从前、后、左、右找起)

2、我们一般都是怎样找?(使学生明确一般第一排是从前数,第几个是从左边开始数。)

3、在自己的书上找出第1组第2个小朋友,他就是我们的小客人。

4、教师提问学生指:

(1)第5组第4个。

(2)第2组第3个。

5、学生小组活动:互相提问并在书上找出相应的小朋友。

6、先说一说你自己的座位,再填空。

你的座位是第( )组第( )个。

你前面的同学是第( )组第( )个。

你后面的同学是第( )组第( )个。

你左边的同学是第( )组第( )个。

你右边的同学是第( )组第( )个。

三、练习:

(一)第6页做一做。

(1)教师提出问题:第1行第2个是( ),狗在第( )行第( )个。

(2)你还能提出什么问题?(学生自由提问)

(3)解决问题。

(二)完成练习一

1、第1题。

(1)学生按一定的顺序坐成一排,教师提出要求,如:从前往后 第4位同学请站起来,请xxx后面的同学举起右手。学生根据教师的要求做。

(2)学生自己提出要求,其他学生根据要求做。

2、第2题。

(1)教师提出要求:我们来做拍手游戏。两个小朋友一组,做你拍一、我拍一的游戏。

(2)学生分组活动。

3、第3题。

(1)教师出示第三题图画,提出要求:请帮小明布置房间。说一 说东西放在什么位置合适。

(2)学生先在小组中说,指名在图画板上贴。

(3)教育学生要养成自己整理房间的好习惯。

4、第5题。

(1)看图,说一说图上画了什么?

(2)你能根据图提出什么问题?(学生自由提问)

(3)学生自己解决问题。

(4)在书上填空。

5、数学游戏:听反话

(1)教师提出要求:听老师说位置,小朋友做出相反的动作。

(2)教师说学生做。

(3)学生在小组里活动。

四、生活中的数学。

1、上下楼梯靠右边走。

2、自行车、汽车都是靠右行。

3、北京的公共汽车停在马路右边。

4、香港的公共汽车停在马路左边。

……

五、小结:

通过这节课的学习,你学会了什么?

作业布置:

板书设计:

课后小记:

篇15:第一单元教案

教学目标:

知识与技能:遵守交通规则,注意安全上学和回家。

过程与方法:了解安全常识,熟悉重要的交通和安全标志。

情感态度价值观:发展自我约束能力和良好的行为规范。

教学重点:遵守交通规则,注意安全上学和回家

教学难点:了解安全常识,熟悉重要的交通和安全标志。

教学准备:常见交通标志图片

课时安排:1课时

教学过程:

一、我的上学路

教师引导学生讲一讲自己住在哪里,每天是如何上学的,路上要经过哪些地方,有哪些主要的标志性建筑或景点,上学路上有哪些所见,所闻等。

二、我知道的交通安全标志

出示常见交通标志图片,让儿童讲各种交通标志的含义,这些标志是在什么地方找到的以及这些标志有什么作用等,并相互交流,把标志贴在教室墙面上让儿童逐步认识。

三、讨论会:这样做对不对

教师引出主题:“丁丁是个小学生,上学以后遇到了各种各样的问题,听说我们班的小朋友特别能干,特地来向大家请教,希望小朋友帮助他评判一下怎样做是对的,怎样做是不对的。”

1.“过马路的时候,遇到红灯但没有车,妈妈一定要拉着我过马路,对不对?为什么?”

2.“放学路上,隔壁的大哥哥要和我一起去游戏机房里去看看,去还是不去?”

学生展开讨论,判断是非。

四、模拟游戏

1.我是交通小民警

教师先启发儿童讲讲上学路上要遵守哪些交通规则,再设置十字路口的情境,让儿童轮流扮演交通民警,进行上学路上的模拟游戏,宣传交通安全知识。

2.陌生人和我说话

先请一名儿童扮演上学的学生,教师扮演陌生人,设置种种问题,引导儿童作出种种适宜反应,教师酌情引导。

五、课堂实践

1.教师指导学生完成课本21页“我要做得更好”。

2.全班交流。

3.师生小结。

篇16:第一单元教案

教学目标

体会作者抒发的感情及母亲话语中含着的意思。

2.领会母爱无私、博大、宽容、深厚的特点。

3.有感情地朗读课文。

教学重点与难点:

1.重点:体会作者抒发的感情以及母亲话语中含着的意思。

2.难点:透过生活小事感受母亲对“我”的爱,透过生活中的小事表达“我”对母亲的深情。

教学准备:

1.多媒体课件

2.乐曲《秋日私语》、《命运交响曲》、《春之声圆舞曲》

教学过程:

一、激情导入

关于母爱,古今中外有多少人在真情地为她唱着赞美的歌。今天就让我们一起读读残疾作家史铁生的《秋天的怀念》一文,再次感受催人泪下的母爱。

二、整体感知

1.我们大家一起来读一读,欣赏一下。你们需要音乐吗?

2.播放音乐,供学生自己选择。DD《命运交响曲》、《春之声圆舞曲》、《秋日私语》。学生选择后,配以《秋日私语》,师生共同自由诵读,欣赏散文的美。

3.刚才大家读得很投入,看来,一篇美的散文确实能让人深陷其中。读完之后,感觉怎么样?(引导学生能抓住文章的感情基调。)

三、检查预习

1.作者简介(学生课下搜集)

附:史铁生1951年生于北京,1972年,21岁的他因病瘫痪,从此永远坐上了轮椅。他写的《我与地坛》被公认为中国近50年最优秀的散文之一。,他获得华语文学传媒大奖年度杰出成就奖,是现在中国最令人敬佩的作家之一。

活到最狂妄的年龄上忽的残废了双腿。两条腿瘫痪后的最初几年,我找不到工作,找不到出路,突然似乎什么都找不到了。

2.听录音,思考问题:

(1)、作者在秋天怀念的是谁?

(2)、为什么是怀念?

(3)、为什么会在秋天怀念?

(4)、课文写母亲关爱儿子是围绕哪件事展开的?

3.学生自由朗读

4.词语小盘点(见课件)

四、整体感知课文。

朗读课文,思考下列问题:

1.用简洁的语言概括文章内容。

2.课文标题是“秋天的怀念”,请问文中怀念的是谁?文中有几次写到秋天?为什么文章的题目叫“秋天的怀念”?

(学生讨论交流,代表发言)

五、重点语段品析

1.品读第二段,母亲又是怎样对待儿子的?

DD挡在窗前理解、体贴

DD央求般的神色母爱执着

DD一会儿坐下,一会儿站起喜悦

DD比我还敏感细心、体贴

2.母亲此时,自己的情况是怎样的`?

身患绝症

儿子瘫痪

自己做坚强的母亲让儿子成为坚强的儿子

3.我为什么去看菊花?(学生自由讨论,共同明确)

六、师生共同总结文章主旨

明确:课文讲述是身患绝症的母亲,体贴入微地照顾双腿瘫痪的儿子,鼓励儿子好好活下去的故事,歌颂了伟大而无私的母爱。

七、合作探究:课文为什么不以《怀念母亲》为题,却以《秋天的怀念》为题?(可留作课下作业)

八、课外延伸

1.感悟人生至理:课文最后一段为什么详写各种颜色的菊花在“秋风中正开得烂漫”?结尾重复母亲“好好儿活”的话,有什么深意?

(这段话中的一连串排比句表面上是在描写北海菊花的美丽,实际上是用象征的手法,赋予菊花深刻的含意。作者之所以浓墨重彩地写菊花,恰恰是对母亲生前那句“好好儿活”的觉悟解读,进一步深化了主题。菊花象征作者对生命的渴望与眷恋。

结尾重复母亲“好好儿活”的话,揭示了主旨。“我”说“要好好儿活”,体现出了心中的坚强与自信,我明白了母亲没有说完的话,找到了自我,感悟到了生活的真谛。)

2.情感升华

学了这篇课文,你有哪些收获和感悟?请大胆说出来给同学们听听。

(当苦难、逆境来临的时候,我们首先应想到的是好好活,让这唯一一次的活热烈而辉煌;面对挫折和灾难,我们不仅要有勇气去面对,同时也需要家人和朋友的关心;生命是美好,要好好珍惜、好好儿活才是;生命对于每个人都只有一次,命运是可以通过个人的努力、奋斗来改变的!)

3.推荐阅读

九、作业:

1.我想,你学习了史铁生的《秋天的怀念》,你一定想对你的母亲说点什么,请你以《妈妈,我想对您说》为题,写一篇文章。

2.课外阅读《我与地坛》。

板书设计:

秋天的怀念

雁阵北归

树叶飘零母亲

菊花烂漫

伟大、无私的母爱

课题

2.《秋天的怀念》

教学

目标【学习目标】1.识记字词。2.感受母爱无私、博大、宽容、深厚的特点。3.有感情地朗读课文。

教学过程

一激情导入

关于母爱,古今中外有多少人在真情地为她唱着赞美的歌。今天就让我们一起读读残疾作家史铁生的《秋天的怀念》一文,再次感受催人泪下的母爱。二整体感知1我们大家一起来读一读,欣赏一下。你们需要音乐吗?2播放音乐,供学生自己选择。DD《命运交响曲》、《春之声圆舞曲》、《秋日私语》。学生选择后,配以《秋日私语》,师生共同自由诵读,欣赏散文的美。3刚才大家读得很投入,看来,一篇美的散文确实能让人深陷其中。读完之后,感觉怎么样?(引导学生能抓住文章的感情基调。)

三、检查预习

1、作者简介(学生课下搜集)史铁生1951年生于北京,1972年,21岁的他因病瘫痪,从此永远坐上了轮椅。他写的《我与地坛》被公认为中国近50年最优秀的散文之一。20,他获得华语文学传媒大奖年度杰出成就奖,是现在中国最令人敬佩的作家之一。

活到最狂妄的年龄上忽的残废了双腿。两条腿瘫痪后的最初几年,我找不到工作,找不到出路,突然似乎什么都找不到了。

2、听录音,思考问题:

(1)、作者在秋天怀念的是谁?

(2)、为什么是怀念?

(3)、为什么会在秋天怀念?

(4)、课文写母亲关爱儿子是围绕哪件事展开的?

3、学生自由朗读

注意感情的抒发与表达。

4、词语小盘点(见课件)

瘫痪侍弄整宿憔悴

仿膳豌豆诀别烂漫

翻来覆去絮絮叨叨

四、初步整体感知课文。

朗读课文,思考下列问题:

1.用简洁的语言概括文章内容。

2、学生讨论:你觉得文中的“我”,性格脾气是什么样的?

总结:双腿瘫痪后,我的脾气变的暴怒无常。

四、作业

预习课文

板书设计:

秋天的怀念

作者简介

词语盘点

教学反思:

课题

篇17:第一单元教案

第一单元教案

文言文二则

学习目标

1.读准每个字的读音。

2.正确流利地朗读课文,背诵课文。根据课后注释联系上下文,了解故事内容。

3.能从课文中体会到学习必须专心致志、不可三心二意的道理,学习孔子实事求是的科学态度,体会学无止境的道理。

课前准备:

1.布置学生了解孔子的生平资料。

2.多媒体课件

教学时间:

2课时

教学过程:

第一课时(学习《学弈》)

一、读通全文,感悟读法。

1.师:学习文言文最基本的方法是诵读,最好的方法也是诵读。先听老师范读课文,再跟老师读课文。(范读时做到抑扬顿挫、有声有色、流畅自如,感染学生,激发诵读兴趣。领读时有意识地让学生感悟语速和断句方法。)

2.学生自由练读,把不认识的字注上音,并在练习本上写两遍。

3.在学生掌握每一句的正确读法后,练习熟读。

二、结合注释,疏通文意

1.“弈”是什么意思?“学弈”呢?你怎么知道的呢?

2.学生自读课文,结合文后的注释理解每一话,然后说说这篇文章主要讲什么内容?

3.同桌互讲,相互纠正补充,不懂的记下来。

4.小组合作,疏通文意。

5.指名说全文大意。

三、导悟相济,突破难点

引导学生正确理解课文

1.把你和同学都读不懂的句子提出来。(结合学生提问重点理解“虽与之俱学,弗若之矣”、“思援弓缴而射之”、“为是其智弗若与”、“虽与之俱学,弗若之矣”这几句话。)

(1)讨论“虽与之俱学,弗若之矣”的原因是什么?从中能得出一个什么道理?大家谈谈自己是否有这种经历和体会。

(2)指名说说“思援弓缴而射之”的意思。你从哪个词知道射的是“天鹅”呢?(“之”字。)

(3)指名说说“虽与之俱学,弗若之矣”意思。这句话中的“之”是指哪个人。

师:同学们,你们觉得奇怪吗?两个人一起学习,可是学习效果却不相同。用书上的话说说原因。

指名读“其一人专心致志,惟弈秋之为听;一人虽听之,一心以为有鸿鹄将至,思援弓缴而射之。”

师范读,让学生体会怎样读听得更清楚,学生指出老师停顿的地方然后试着读读。

(4)“为是其智弗若与?”这句意思是什么?

师:哪个词是第二个人?这句话该怎么读呢?指名读,齐读。

四、流利朗读,积累语言

课件出示全文及朗读录音,生边看边跟读体会语感,然后练习把全文朗读好,最后师生合作背诵全文。

五、迁移训练、练读古文

拓展读“揠苗助长”、“守株待兔”、“掩耳盗铃”、“鹬蚌相争”等浅显易懂、故事性强又为学生熟知的文言成语故事,激发学生学习的兴趣。

反思:

通过教学,自主与合作能够有机融合,为学生的真正学习提供了时间上的保证。板块式教学使教学脉络清晰,教学语言简洁明了,评价重视激励性。

在创设情境过程中,学生朗读不充分,能够在体会中熟练诵读的同学不足80%,那么也就是课堂教学目标没有完全实现。如果能够采用领读的方式,在学生初读过程中引路,会大大提高教学效率。

在创设情境中,加因为眼操铃声的打扰,学生和听课教师没有完全听清,不明白“孟子讲学”是什么意思,所以此处的目标没有达成。可见教师还要在教育机智上多磨练自己,要能够灵活处理突发事件。另外要准确计时,若没有提前下课这节课的目标是有可能实现的。

另外,教师的示范作用很好,应该充分发挥,与学生对读,潜移默化地引领学生如何朗读好文言文。

总之,任何的教学策略都是为实现教学目标服务的,所以每一个设计都要考虑怎样更有实效。

第二课时(学习《两小儿辩日》)

一、激趣引入,揭示课题

师:同学们,你们知道孔子吗?你能讲讲他的故事吗?(学生讲述,老师结合学生的讲述补充孔子的生平,介绍他是一个极有名的学问家、政治家、教育家、思想家等)孔子这么有学问,可是有一次,他在周游列国时,却被两个小孩的一个简单的问题给难住了,你们想知道孔子遇到什么难题了吗?今天我们就学习《两小儿辩日》。

板书课题,齐读课题,说说题目是什么意思?(重点理解“辩”字)

二、初读课文,梳理学法

1.自由读课文,凭自己的理解说说课文主要讲了一件什么事?(考查学生对古文的感悟能力)

2.想想我们是怎样学习《对弈》的?

一是要理解重点字词;二要读出诗文韵味;三要感悟人文内涵(意境、感情、哲理)。

三、读熟课文,自学理解

1.自由读课文,找出不认识的'字,通过查字典解决。

2.同桌互相读文,纠正字音。

3.反复读文,把课文读熟。

4.学生对照注释,自己理解课文,记下不懂的问题。

5.按学习《学弈》的方法自学课文,小组内交流学习成果。

四、激励测试,交流感悟

出示测试题,各小组抢答积分,评出优胜学习小组。

1.回答下列词语在文中的意思。

游:其:为:也:

如:此:乎:始出:小儿:

2.两小儿在辩论什么?(太阳大小?太阳冷热?太阳远近?)根据学生的回答,相机引导读好两小儿的话,理解句子的意思。

3.朗诵课文,看哪组能读出古文韵味。

五、深化感悟,明确寓意。

1.各组提出分歧较大的问题以及不懂的问题,同学交流讨论。(

(重点引导学生理解这两个小孩争的是什么问题,他们各自的理由是什么?o引导学生理解两个小孩是根据不同的感觉说明地面距离太阳的远近。)Co C

2.你同意他们的意见吗?用科学知识解答两小儿提出的问题。(根据学生回答引导学生课下收集资料,将课内学习延伸到课外。)

3.这个故事中,你最喜欢谁,为什么?你想对他说什么?

(引导学生肯定两小儿敢于嘲笑孔子,挑战权威;或赞扬孔子“知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也)

4.练习有感情背诵课文。

5.以表演的形式复述课文内容,看哪组理解得好(稍做表演准备)

6.向学生推荐阅读《女娲补天》、《夸父逐日》等文言文,培养学生阅读古文的兴趣。

全文注释如下:

弈秋(人名),通(全)国之(文言助词,的)善(擅长)弈(下棋)者(的人)也(文言助词)。使(让)弈秋诲(教)二人弈,其(其中)一人专心致志(集中意志),惟(只)弈秋之(文言助词,有提起动词性谓语”为“的作用,从而使句中的”弈秋之为“取消了句子的独立性,成为了”听“的状语。DD这一点只对教师讲,之所以提出这个”之“字,使为了和本文其他”之“字含义相区别。)为听,一人虽听之(他,指代弈秋),一心以为鸿鹄(天鹅)将至(原是生丝绳,这里指系着丝绳射鸟用的箭)(到),思(想)援(拉开)弓(弓箭)缴而射之(它,指鸿鹄),虽与(和)之(他,指代另一个学生)俱(一起)学,弗(不)若(如)之(他)矣(文言助词)。为(因为)是(这,指这个人)其(他的)智(智力、智慧)弗若与(文言助词,同”吗“)?曰(说):非(不是)然(这样)也。

《两小儿辩日》教学反思:

一、激活起点。应该说,大部分学生是第一次接触文言文,他们对此既新奇,又有点畏惧,猛一看,初学的都是新知,其实,文言文也是来源于生活,学生原有的语言知识和语言经验中就有许多关于文言文,只是大家全然不自觉而已:激活原有知识和经验,使之成为认知的起点,新知的生长点,对建构文言文初步认识具有重要的意义,也合乎由易到难,温故知新,循序渐进的教学原则。

二、孕伏方法。任何事情有方法可循,问题就可迎刃而解,马克思主义哲学的方法论和”学贵得法“就是强调了这一点。诵读,有助于形成文言文的语感和积累文言词汇,是学习文言文基本方法,教学中,我注重诵读训练,深得其法。上课伊始,教者声情并茂朗读,一下子把学生吸引住,并告诉学生,等他们淀粉地这篇文言文,也一定读得像老师一样好,甚至超过老师,学生的积极性被调动起来,课堂气氛顿时活跃起来,接着安排学生自由朗读,到读熟为止,小组合作学习,理解文意,并讨论该怎样读每一句话,请学生上台领读,大家证券共同提高,再分角色读,在此基础上,进行表演,最后一齐背诵,这样层层深入,使学生在诵读的过程中加深了对课文的理解,不知不觉地把文言内化为自己的语言,同时,也掌握了学习文言文的基本方法,同时,加强文言文与现代白话文的共同点,即沟通古今联系,利用学生熟知的词汇句式去学习文言文,这是学习文言文的另一基本方法,如理解”问其故“时,让学生设身处地地想一想,如果你遇到了这种情况,会怎样说,怎样写,让学生明白两者的意思是一样的,只是说法不同而已,在学习文言文的起步就孕伏科学的学习方法,对学生升入中学乃至终生学习都将受益匪浅。

三、整合目标。教学效果取决于教学目标的制定的科学,过程的优化以及最终目标的达成度,让学生初步地感性地认识文言文的语言特点,让学生积累一些文言词等,是知识与能力目标。”培养学生对文言文的学习兴趣“让学生懂得”学无止境“,”角度不同,结果不一样“,这是情感,价值观目标。”从学生原有的语言知识和经验出发“”通过诵读,古今的方法“”在疏通文意的基础上讨论"属于过程方法目标。三个维度目标,彼此交融,互相整合,体现了课程改革的精神,在教学中,将这些目标进行整合,有力地保障了整体目标的实现,受到了很好的效果。

匆匆

一、导入

1、今天老师给大家带来了我的几张老照片,大家有兴趣看看吗?

2、教师随课件介绍:

这是我儿时的照片,天真无邪的笑容中透着几分顽皮。

这是我青年时的照片,青春正如花般绽放着。

慢慢地我步入了中年,这是我与学生在毕业典礼后的合影。看着学生长大了,我开心地笑了,不过此时已有几丝鱼尾纹悄悄地爬上了我的眼角。

3、照片拍到现在就没有了,大家想,再过几年,十几年,几十年后,老师的样子会发生什么