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篇1：高一英语必修1课件

高一英语必修1课件

高一英语必修1课件

一、教学内容：

Unit 1 of Module I Period One （Lesson 1 & 2）

二、教学目标与要求：

1、在第一课和第二课里，我们学习了如何谈论我们的生活方式。话题的选择贴近我们的生活，能引起同学们共鸣，激发同学们的学习动机。

2、复习一般现在时态和现在进行时态，以及它们的用法和区别。

3、进一步了解不同文化背景下，不同的个人生活方式，引导同学们树立良好的学习和生活习惯。

4、学习策略：运用听力策略对所听内容进行预测。

5、掌握重点单词、短语、句式，在练习中能灵活运用。

三、本周重难点词汇讲解：

1、peaceful adj .和平的，平静的

peace (n.和平)+-ful（形容词后缀）

The peaceful uses of atomic energy will do good to human beings .

原子能的和平利用将造福人类。

It's peaceful at home when the children are at school .

孩子们在学校上学时，家里就安静了。

（1）反义词：unpeaceful adj. 不平静的，不和平的

派生词：peacefully adv. 和平地，平静地

（2）同义词辨析：peaceful 与calm

这些形容词表明没有激动兴奋或未被打扰。

calm 隐含远离情感冲动之意；

peaceful 意指未被打破的镇静。

2、relaxing adj .轻松的，放松的

relax(v. 放松)+-ing(形容词后缀)

All the students going for holidays, it is really a relaxing evening for the headteacher.

所有的学生都度假去了，对于班主任来说这真是一个使人感到轻松的夜晚。

同根词：relaxed意为“感到轻松的”。

有些现在分词和过去分词可用作形容词，现在分词意为“令人……的”，其逻辑主语是物；过去分词意为“感到……的”，其逻辑主语是人。类似用法的词有：surprised /surprising; excited/exciting; frightened/frightening; moved/moving;

puzzled/puzzling

He got/became bored by her boring speech.

他被她那些令人厌烦的话搞烦了。

3、suppose的用法

1）suppose后接that引导的宾语从句，表示“认为／猜想……”。如：

As she's not here ,I suppose she must have gone home.

她不在这儿，我猜想她已经回家了。

Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps.

科学家们认为大型恐龙栖居于沼泽地中。

2）be supposed to 是个固定词组，意思是“应该，有……的义务”。如：

I thought we were supposed to be paid today.

我以为我们今天会领到薪水呢。

3）suppose／supposing可以引导条件状语从句，相当于if 的`作用。如：

Supposing(that) you are wrong，what will you do then?

假设你错了，那你会怎么办?

4、prefer vt.更喜欢，宁愿

派生词：preferable adj .更可取的，更合意的；

preference n.喜爱，偏爱

-Which would you prefer，tea or coffee? 咖啡和茶你更喜欢哪个?

-I prefer tea to coffee.我更喜欢茶。

1）请注意prefer的搭配及用法：

（1）prefer(doing)sth．to (doing) sth.……相比，更喜欢……如：

I prefer coffee to milk．和牛奶相比，我更喜欢咖啡。

I prefer listening to music to watching TV.

和看电视相比，我更喜欢听音乐。

（2）prefer to do sth. rather than(to) do sth.和做……相比，更喜欢做……如：

I prefer to listen to music rather than watch TV.

和看电视相比，我更喜欢听音乐。

（3）prefer+that从句。如：

We prefer that the plan shall be fully discussed.

我们想让这份计划被充分地讨论。

2）prefer sth．to sth．中的to是介词；prefer to do sth. rather than do sth .中to 是动词不定式的符号。

3）prefer to do…rather than do…＝would rather do than do…／would do…rather than do…

5、switch on=turn on把开关打开；接通

switch off=turn off关掉；关上

switch over (to)…转换频道；转变

Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on the TV in the living room.

At weekends, he often switches on the computer early in the morning and doesn't switch it off until midnight.

周末，他一早就把计算机打开，直到半夜才关。

If there is not a good play on CCTV8, I would switch over to CCTV7.

如果中央八台没有好节目，我就换到七频道。

6、do some exercise =do some sports =take some exercise 锻炼身体

（exercise作不可数名词用时，意为“锻炼运动”，作可数名词用时，意为“练习、训练”。）

do morning /eye exercises做早操/做眼保健操

He is so fat that everyone advised him to take more exercise.

他太胖了，所以，大家都劝他多锻炼身体。

Students have too many exercises to do after class.

学生课后要做的练习太多。

7、go off

1）爆炸；（爆竹、铃等）响

The gun went off with a bang. 枪砰的一声响了。

2）（食物等）变坏

This steak has gone off.这牛排坏了。

3）消失

The pain went off. 疼痛消失了。

4）进行情况；发生

The interview went off very badly. 访问进行得极不顺利。

5）睡着；失去知觉

Has the baby gone off yet? 婴儿睡着了吗？

8、take up

1）to use up, consume, or occupy: 用尽，耗掉或占用（时间/空间）：

The extra duties took up most of my time.

额外工作耗费了我绝大部分时间。

2）to develop an interest in or devotion to: 喜欢，钟爱，对……产生了兴趣或钟爱：

Now he takes up mountain climbing.

现在他喜欢上登山运动。

3）to enter into (a profession or business): 开始从事（一项职业或行当）：

He took up art while at school.

他在学校时开始对艺术感兴趣。

4）to begin again; resume: 再次开始；重新开始：

Let's take up where we left off.

take down 拿起；拆除（构造物）；记下

take off (飞机等)起飞；脱下（衣帽等）；（观念，产品等）突然大受欢迎

take on 呈现（不用于被动语态）

9、be filled with… 装着……；装满…… fill… with… 把……装进……

be full of… 装满……

Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.

每分钟都有很多急待处理的事情要做。

The bottle is filled with oil.

那瓶子里装满了油。/那瓶子里装着油。

The bottle is full of oil. 那瓶子里装满了油。

Don't fill the bottle with oil. 别把油装进瓶子里。

10、complain (to sb.) about/of sth. 向……抱怨……

1）vi. 抱怨；埋怨；

Almost immediately she began to complain to me about his impoliteness.

她几乎马上就对我开始抱怨起他的无礼来了。

2）诉苦；叫屈；说自己有病（of）

The boy complained of a pain in his stomach.

这孩子说他肚子痛。

3）vt. 抱怨， 控诉［常与that从句连用］

They complained that the wages were too low.他们抱怨工资过低。

They complained that the price of books had increased.

他们抱怨说书的价格提高了。

4）n. 抱怨;埋怨;不满

We have a number of complains about their service.

对他们的服务我们有些怨言。

篇2：高一英语必修1课件

高一英语必修1课件人教版

必修一

Unit 1  Friendship

单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）

词汇

部分 词语

辨析 1. ignore / neglect / overlook

2. cheat / fool

3. calm / quiet / silent / still

4. join / join in / take part in / attend

词形

变化 1. ignore vt. 忽视 ignorance n. 无知 ignorant adj.无知的

2. dusk n. 黄昏; 傍晚 dusky adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的

3. add v.  添加; 增加 addition  n.  加, 附加 additional adj.  添加的;附加的

重点

单词 1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的 vt. (upset, upset)

2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到  n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系

3. settle vt. 安家； 定居；停留vt. 使定居，安家；解决

4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历

5. disagree vt. 不同意

重点

词组 1. add up合计

2. go through 经历；经受

3. on purpose 故意

4. get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展

5. in order to 为了……

重点句子 1. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.

2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do …

3. … it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.

重点语法 直接引语和间接引语 （见语法部分）

语言要点(模块)

Ⅰ.词语辨析  (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1. ignore / neglect / overlook

【解释】

ignore    通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。

neglect   侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。

overlook  指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。

【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

○1We could not afford to _________ such a serious offence.

2). He utterly ________ my warnings and met with an accident.

3). Don’t ________ paying him a visit now and then.

答案:   1). overlooked  2). ignored    3). neglect

2. cheat / fool

【解释】

cheat  主要指盈利的买卖中或游戏竞赛中欺骗人，骗取人的钱等。

fool  “愚弄”，指利用人缺乏常识，心理脆弱来欺骗人。

【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1). You may get _________ in that shop.

2). He can’t __________ her. She sees through him every time.

答案: 1). cheated 2). fool

3. calm / quiet / silent / still

【解释】

calm    天气、水、水面（表风平浪静）；（指人时）表示镇定自如。

quiet    表“宁静”、“安静”、“寂静”，侧重没有响声，没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和，文静。

silent   表“沉默”、“不发言”、“不说话”，常常表示人不爱说话，沉默无语。

still   “不动的”，指人时侧重一动不动，；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动。

【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo.

2). Why do you keep __________?

3). Everything was ___________.

4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy.

答案: 1). still  2). silent  3). quiet  4). calm

4. join / join in / take part in / attend

【解释】

join    表示参加组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等

join in    表示参加游戏、活动等；join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事

take part in表示参与、参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗、斗争、运动、庆祝等

attend   主要指出席、参加会议、婚礼；听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等；上学、教堂

【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1). Can I ___________ the game?

2). Did you ____________ the fighting?

3). He __________ the army last year.

4). A lot of people __________ her wedding.

答案: 1). join in 2). take part in  3). joined    4）attended

Ⅱ.词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）

1. ignore vt. 忽视 ignorance n. 无知 ignorant adj.无知的

2. dusk n. 黄昏; 傍晚 dusky. adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的

3. add v.  添加; 增加 addition  n.  加, 附加 additional adj.  添加的;附加的

【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空

1)  I can't __________ his rudeness any longer. (ignore)

2)   To say you were ________ of the rules is no excuse. ( ignore)

3） We are in complete ___________ of your plans. (ignore)

4） There is ____________ light inside the cave. (dusk)

5） The street lights come on at ____________ and go off at dawn. (dusk )

6） Many words have been ____________ to this edition of the dictionary. (add)

7)  They've just had an ____________ to the family. (add)

8)   There are _____________ charges. (add)

答案:  1) ignore 2)ignorant  3) ignorance   4) dusky

5) dusk  6) added   7) addition   8) additional

Ⅲ.重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）

1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的 vt. (upset, upset)

[典例]

1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。

2). Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要难过--并没有造成伤害。

3). He was horribly upset over her illness. 他为她的病而忧心忡忡。

4). The students really upset her. 学生们着实让她烦恼。

[重点用法]

be upset by… 被…… 打乱

upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼

[练习] 用upset的适当形式填空

1). Is it ______ you, dear?

2). She felt rather ______ on hearing the news.

3). Is it an ______ message?

4). Don’t be ______. It will be OK.

答案: 1). upsetting  2). upset  3). upsetting  4).upset

2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到  n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系

[典例]

1). The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。

2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。

3). That's no concern of mine. 那不关我的事。

[重点用法]

as / so far as … be concerned  关于；至于；就……而言

be concerned about  关心

be concerned at / over sth. 为某事忧虑

be concerned in sth.  牵涉到，与……有关，参与

[练习] 用concern的适当形式填空

1). There is an article that _______ the rise of the prices.

2). The children are rather _____ about their mother’s health.

3). Officials should ______ themselves _______ public affairs.

答案: 1). concerns   2). concerned   3). concern … with

3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留

vt. 使定居，安家；解决

[典例]

1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。

2). The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大。

3). Both wanted to settle their scores. 双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。

[重点用法]

settle down 镇定下来  settle in 在…定居

[练习] 中译英

1). 都十一点了，她安不下心来工作。

______________________________________________________________________________________

2). 题目这么难，谁能解决？

______________________________________________________________________________________

答案: 1). It’s eleven o’clock now, but she cannot settle to work.

2). Since it is so difficult, who can settle this problem?

4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历

[典例]

1). Do you suffer from headaches? 你常头痛吗?

2). She's suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症。

[重点用法]

suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛﹑ 不适﹑ 悲伤等; 受苦; 吃苦头:

[练习] 中译英

1).我们在金融危机中损失惨重。

______________________________________________________________________________________

2).他的脚痛得不得了。

______________________________________________________________________________________

答案:  1). We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.

2). He suffers terribly with his feet.

5. disagree vt. 不同意

[典例]

1). Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有时意见不一。

2). We disagreed on future plans. 我们对未来的`计划产生了分歧。

[重点用法]

disagree with sb/what sb says/sb's decision 不同意某人的观点[某人的话/某人的决定]

[练习] 中译英

1). 罗马的报道与米兰的不符。

______________________________________________________________________________________

2). 他不同意让我早些回家。

______________________________________________________________________________________

Key: 1). The reports from Rome disagree with those from Milan.

2). He disagreed to let me go home early.

Ⅳ.重点词组  （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）

1. add up 加起来

[典例]

1). Add up your scores and see how many points you can get.

把你的得分加起来，看看你能得几分。

2). Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to?

汤姆，10，20和5加起来是多少？

[短语归纳]

add (…) to …. （把什么）加入…中

add up to … 加起来是

[练习] 用add的适当形式或构成的词组填空

1). Will you _____ some more students to this project?

2). Small numbers _____ a large one.

3). 50 _______ 50 equals 100.

答案: 1). add   2). add up to   3). added

2. go through 经历；经受

[典例]

1). The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。

2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。

[短语归纳]

go after追求，追赶  go ahead前进；请说（做）吧

go by走过，（时间）过去 go along with向前，（与……）一起去

go in for爱好，从事   go out外出；（灯，火）熄灭

go over越过；复习   go up爬上，（价格等）上升

[练习] 用go 构成的词组填空

1). It is wise not to ____ with this plan.

2). Prices ______ a little now. People are happy.

3). Anyway, don’t always_______ at night by yourself.

4). I am tired. I want to _____ now.

答案: 1). go on with  2). go up   3). go home  4). go to bed

3.on purpose 故意，有目的地

[典例]

The boy broke Jack’s window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.

那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。

[短语归纳]

do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事 on purpose 表示故意地、有企图、有目的地

[练习]用 purpose的相关词汇填空

1). He didn’t do it ______.

2). What was your ____ ?

答案: 1). on purpose 2). purpose

4. get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展

[典例]

1). He is not easy-going. It’s very hard to get along with him 他不是个随和的人，很难相处。

2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作进展如何？

[短语归纳]

get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与……相处得好/不好，……进展顺利/不顺利

get away离开，逃离     get down下来；写下，取下

get down to (doing)开始认真干……  get over克服，摆脱

get through通过，做完      get together聚集

[练习] 中译英

1). 你现在和同事相处得好不好?

______________________________________________________________________________________

2). 她已重新获得从前那份工作。

______________________________________________________________________________________

答案: 1). Are you getting along well with your colleagues?

2). She's got her old job back.

6. in order to… 为了……（可置于句首或句中）

[典例]

1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 图的是得个好座位。

2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建议是为了不让她伤心。

[短语归纳]

in order that… 以便……（后跟句子） so that…以便……（后跟句子）

so as to为了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）

[练习] 中译英

1． 他早早动身好按时到达。

2． 她拼命干以便能到6点时把一切都准备好。

答案: 1．He left early in order to/so as to/in order that/so that he should/would/might arrive on time.

2. In order to get everything ready by 6 o'clock, she worked hard.

Ⅴ.重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）

1. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on.

妈妈问她穿那么多衣服是不是很热。

[解释] with复合结构：

with + 宾语+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases

由“介词with+宾语+宾语补足语” 构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等，另外，该结构也可以作为定语使用。下面简述几种情况：

1) 如果在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的，构成主谓关系，该分词用现在分词形式。

2) 如果分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系，该分词用过去分词形式。

3) 宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语，形容词或副词来充当。

[典例]

1.with + 宾语 + 副词，如：

The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on (= while all the lights are on).

With his parents away (= As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naughty.

2.with + 宾语 + 介词短语，如：

The teacher came in with a book in his hand (= while a book was in his hand).

The girl looked up with tears in her eyes (= while tears were in her eyes).

3.with + 宾语 + 现在分词，如：

With summer corning (= As summer is corning), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.

With the teacher standing beside (= As the teacher was standing beside)，she felt a bit uneasy.

4.with + 宾语 + 过去分词，如：

With the work done (= As the work had been done), she felt greatly relieved.

With his hair cut (= As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger.

5.with + 宾语 + 不定式，如：

With her to go with us (= As she will go with us), we're sure to have a pleasant journey.

With Mr Smith to teach them English next term（= As Mr Smith will teach them English) , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.

[练习] 中译英：

1. 那房子昨晚发生火灾，结果里面的东西都烧光了。

______________________________________________________________________________________

2. 下学期史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的口语会大有提高。

______________________________________________________________________________________

3. 随着冬天的到来，天气越来越冷。

______________________________________________________________________________________

答案：1. The house caught a big fire last night , with nothing left in it.

2. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.

3. With winter corning, the weather is becoming colder and colder.

2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐……

[解释] as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为“像大多数人那么做”。

as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：

1). 引导状语从句，强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语的同时性

As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.

随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。

2). 引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然，即使”（从句需倒装）

Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 尽管天气冷，我哥只穿了一件衬衫。

3). 引导方式状语从句，表示“以……方式”。

Why didn’t you take the medicine as I told you to? 为什么你没有按我说的服这药？

4). 引导原因状语从句 (=since; because)，“由于，因为”。

As you were not there, I left a message. 因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。

5) 引导比较状语从句。

She is as tall as you. 她和你一样高。

[练习] 中译英

1. 随着年龄的增长我越来越对科学感兴趣。

______________________________________________________________________________________

2. 由于雨下得很大，你最好穿上雨衣。

______________________________________________________________________________________

3. 他学习很努力，但考试还是没及格。

______________________________________________________________________________________

答案： 1. As l get older l get more interested in science．

2. As it is raining hard，you'd better put on your raincoat．

3. Hard as he worked，he failed in the exam．

3. It is/was the…time that…   ……第几次……

[解释] that从句中的谓语动词一般用完成时态。

1). It is the first time that he has heard this song.

[练习] 中译英

1. 这是他第二次来中国。

2．这是我第一次举办画展。

———————————————————————————————————————————

答案： 1. It is the second time that he has come to China.

2. It was the first time that I had held an art exhibition.

课文要点(模块)

Ⅰ.课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：

Anne Frank is a   1   （犹太的）girl who lived in Netherlands during the World War II. Her family had to   2    or they would be caught by the   3   （德国的)Nazis. During the time in the   4   （隐匿的）place, Anne set down a   5  （系列）of facts in a diary . Anne made her diary her best friend   6   she could tell everything to and in the diary she showed us   7   she     8      （经历）during the war.

答案：1. Jewish  2. hide 3. German 4. hiding  5. series  6. whom  7. what    8. went through/ experienced

Ⅱ.课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）

阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。

安妮，一个整日躲在家中的犹太女孩，在二战期间坚持写日记。她把日记作为最好的朋友；在日记中她实现了过上正常的生活的渴望。

The story is about Anne_______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

答案： Anne , a Jewish girl hiding at home all day round, kept a diary during the World War II . She regarded the diary as her best friend, and in it she revealed her desire for a normal life.

Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）

1.【原句】I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事情都无比狂热。

[模仿要点] 句子结构： wonder ＋if 表语从句 ＋ so …that从句

【模仿1】我不知道是否因为我的卤莽使得史密夫先生对我这么生气。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：I wondered if it was because I was so rude that Mr Smith was so angry with me.

【模仿2】他在想是否因为她的朋友对她很关心所以她的心情才平复下来。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：He wonders whether it is because her friends are so concerned about her that she has calmed herself down.

2．【原句】I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. (定语从句) 我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。

[模仿要点] 句子结构： It is/was a time when …There is /was a time when…This/That is/was a    time when…

【模仿1】我还记得这对他来说是一个艰难的时期，他遭受到了身心的打击。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：I can well remember it was a hard time when he suffered a lot physically and mentally.

【模仿2】在中国历史上,曾经有过一段时期中国鼓励与世界其他国家进行贸易。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：In Chinese history, there was a time when China encouraged trade with the rest of the world.

3. 【原句】It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。

[模仿要点] 句子结构： It is/was the first (second…) time that sb + 现在完成时/过去完成时：这是某人第几次做某事

【模仿1】这是我们第一次面对面地谈论到这件事情。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：It is the first time that we have talked about this issue face to face.

【模仿2】这是他第二次参与怎样解决这个问题的讨论。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：It was the second time that he had joined in the discussion about how to do with the problem.

单元自测 （模块）

1完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

字数：215 完成时间：15分钟 难度：***

The recent milk crisis around the country has seen liquid milk sold by three leading companies contaminated (污染) with melamine (三聚氰胺).

Melamine is a chemical that is usually used to make plastics, but is   1   in the food industry. It was put in the milk to make milk appear rich in protein in   2   tests.

Tests of last Thursday showed that products from 22 of the 109 milk food firms have   3   the quality tests of the General administration of Quality supervision, Inspection and Quarantine ( 国家质检总局). 24 of the 1,202 batches批次 of liquid milk were contaminated. Besides Hebeibased Sanlu Group, the firms whose products are contaminated include such   4   giants as the Yili and Mengniu groups. All the bad milk will be   5   and destroyed.

However, scientists were quoted as saying the contamination level in liquid milk did not pose a big threat to people's   6   .  Even milk with the highest concentration of melamine is   7   for a 60-kilogram or heavier adult if he or she drinks up to 2 liters a day.

The administration has ordered a thorough investigation into all the firms with   8   and said quality control officers would be sent to all 1,500 dairy farms in the country to carry out   9  .

So next time you buy milk, take a look at its   10   name.

1. A. banned  B. encouraged   C. added       D. admitted

2. A. quantity  B. quality       C. blood        D. industry

3. A. passed   B. refused      C. stood        D. failed

4. A. sports   B. jewellery     C. dairy        D. medicine

5. A. recalled   B. transformed        C. reevaluated       D. replaced

6. A. sight     B. brain       C. health            D. intelligence

7. A. helpful   B. harmful      C. safe         D. normal

8. A. crimes   B. conclusions      C. possibilities       D. problems

9. A. plans    B. inspections   C. promises     D. orders

10. A. brand    B. pattern       C. label        D. edition

答案

1. A  据下文“被三聚氰胺污染的牛奶在质量检查中是不合格的”可知三聚氰胺是禁止在食物中使用的。

2. B  显然这里是指质量检查。

3. D  据上下文及意境可知，这些奶制品在未能通过质检。

4. C  伊利、蒙牛公司是制奶业界的巨头。

5. A  所有问题牛奶将被回收（recall）和销毁。

6. C  这里是整体而言，对人们的健康不会构成威胁，而不是对人体的某个部位。

7. C  既然对人们的健康不会构成威胁，那就是安全了。

8. D  要检查的当然是有问题的牛奶了。

9. B  派出官员对牛奶场进行检查(inspections)。

10. A  下次买牛奶时,记得看一下所购买的品牌(brand)。

2. 语法填空

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。

词数：165 完成时间：9分钟 难度：**

Liu Xiang was the first Asian   1  (win) the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympics in Athens.   2   that he became an idol to the young people.

“I never thought I would run under 13 seconds and break the Olympic   3  .” said Liu Xiang in tears, “I am very excited. I’m proud not just for myself and for Chinese   4   for Asia. My race went   5  (wonderful) from start to finish.” Liu added. “It is   6   amazing experience being the Olympic champion. I want to thank my coach and my friends for   7   their help. I think today we Chinese have showed the world we   8   run as fast as anybody else.”

Since his return from Athens, Liu Xiang   9  (be) at the center of a media circus and he has been to many press appearances and meetings. But Liu thinks is just the beginning, and he expects to be at his peak in the Beijing Olympics. Liu said, “For some players, it’s just a job. For me, it’s   10   I love.”

[答案]

本文主要介绍了著名运动员刘翔因夺得110米跨栏冠军而闻名于世。

1. to win  不定式做后置定语。

2. After  刘翔夺得110米跨栏冠军之后，成了年轻人的偶像。

3. record  他打破了记录。

4. but 固定结构。

5. wonderfully  修饰动词应用副词。

6. an  用于元音前。

7. all  他想感激他的教练和朋友们对他的帮助。

8. can  根据句意得知。

9. has been   从句中有since，主语往往用完成时态。

10. what  表语从句的引导词，作love的宾语。

3. 阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数：287 完成时间：7分钟 难度：***

Americans are pound of their variety- and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform ?

Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes.  They save on laundry bills.  They are tax- deductible ( 可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.

Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.

1. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality ___________.

A. still judge a man by his clothes

B. hold the uniform in such high regard

C. enjoy having a professional identity

D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform

2. People are accustomed to thinking that a man in uniform ____________.

A. suggests quality work

B. discards his social identity

C. appears to be more practical

D. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes

3. The chief function of a uniform is to ___________.

A. provide practical benefits to the wearer

B. make the wearer catch the public eye

C. inspire the wearer's confidence in himself

D. provide the wearer with a professional identity

4. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _____________.

A. are usually helpful

B. have little or no individual freedom

C. tend to lose their individuality

D. enjoy greater popularity

5. The best title for this passage would be ____________.

A. Uniforms and Society

B. The Importance of Wearing a Uniform

C. Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform

D. Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms

答案：

文章第一段提出制服在美国受欢迎的现象，第二段说了一个主要论点——制服的好处，第三段说的是实际 好处，第四段说的是反对的论点——制服的缺点，第五段说的是实际问题：

1．答案是B．第一段第一句yet转折后面就是答案：Hold．．．in regard和respect是同义转换：

2．答案是久答案对应在第二段，People ．．．expect superior quality．．.。认为穿制服的水平更高。D错在混淆了superior的目标，不是人，而是quality，所以不对：

3．答案是D．在第二段最后，提到制服的主要功能是什么：A是实际的好处，而不是主要功能。

4．答案是C，在第四段。制服的一个主要缺点。

5．答案是n文章的主题是讨论了制服的优缺点。

4. 基础写作

你是李萍，请根据下列表格的提示，你用英语写一篇短文，介绍我国2008北京奥运冠军张怡宁的基本情况。

[写作内容]

姓  名 张怡宁 出生年月 1982年10月5日   出生地   北京

经    历 身高 1.68米 体    重   52kg

1. 6岁开始学习乒乓球。

2. 的45届世乒赛显示非凡的实力，仅负于王楠，获得了亚军。

3. 2004的雅典奥运会上夺取了金牌，并在浙江萧山召开的国际世乒赛上又战胜了王楠，成为乒乓球领域的顶尖高手。

4. 2008届北京奥运会的金牌得主。

[写作要求]

1．只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；

2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。    ．

[评分标准]

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

[写作向导]

1．时态：张怡宁过去参加比赛的经历应该用一般过去时，对她现在的评论应用一般现在时。

2．可用词汇与句型：the 2004 Athens O1ympic Games 2004雅典奥运会，the 45th Table Tennis World Championships  45届世乒赛，the gold medal金牌。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:

I like to introduce a woman Pingpong player to you. Her name is Zhang Yining, who was born in Beijing and is 1.68 meters tall and weighs 52 kilos, and she began to play table tennis at the age of six. In , she won the second at the 45 th Table Tennis World Championships, only lost to Wang Nan While in the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, she won the first. Moreover she won the women's singles at the ITTF World Cup in Xiaoshan, Jiejiang, where she beat Wang Nan. In fact, she has already become the top of the table tennis field. In the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, she beat Wang Nan again and got the gold medal.

篇3：高一必修1英语课件

After checking the WB Exx, the teacher asks the students to read the letter on Page 6 first, and then ask them to discuss what was upsetting Lisa.

T:   Here is a letter written to Miss Wang of radio by Lisa. Read the letter, please. Try to find out what was upsetting her with your partners, using the indirect speech.

S:   Lisa made a friend with a boy in her class. But her classmates said they fell in love. Lisa said she didn't want to end the friendship. Lisa asked what she should do.

Step II  Listening (Using language) The students will hear what Miss Wang says,   then ask the students to answer the questions, using the indirect speech. At last, get them to spell out the words and fill in the blanks.

T: OK, we've already known the Lisa's problems on making friends. Miss Wang has suggested some possible solutions. Please look at page 6. We 're going to listen to what Miss Wang says, and then answer the questions of Ex 2. Go through the questions quickly.

Write down the key words as quickly as possible.

Listen again and check the answers with the whole class.

T: Now let's listen to it again and try to spell out the words and fill in the blanks.

Step III Listening (WB P41)

The students will hear a passage about Anne's best friend, her diary Kitty.   They are asked to complete the passage according to the tape.

T: In the following part, we are going to listen to a passage about Anne's diary. Listen to the tape carefully and fill in the blanks.

Listen to it again and check the answers with the whole class.

Step IV   Listening Task(WB P43)

The task can be divided into three parts. First, the students will hear a story about an argument between Anne and her father about her boyfriend. After listening, they just write down their different thoughts. Then they can have a debate to find out a better solution to solve Anne and her father's problem. The activity should be prepared carefully beforehand. During the class, the two teams just do the final preparations.

StepV    Assignment

1.  Today we have learnt how to solve the problems on making friends. For the homework, describe one of the problems between friends and how it is solved.

2. What does cool mean?

What do you think should do with your friends?

课后反思：本节是听力课，从帮助学生形成有效学习策略的角度出发，培养学生如何去获取信息，处理信息的能力。通过训练逐步提高学生的听力能力。

Period 5:  WRITING

Step I    Revision

Check the homework, asking them to read out their ideas for the class.

T: Let's check the homework. I'd like some of you to read out their ideas.

For the class. Volunteer!

Step II   Warming up

T: Have you ever read The 21st Century ?

S: Yes, I have. It's a popular paper among teenagers in China.

T: If you have any problem, you can write to the editor and ask for advice. Here is a letter from a student.

Step lII   Writing (B P7)

This part asks the students to write their advice to Xiao Dong as an editor. First, let the students to discuss how to write a letter to offer some advice with their partners. Second,   teacher shows the instructions on how to write a proposal letter on the screen.   Third,   ask the students to read the letter on Page 7.   Ask them to discuss what Xiao Dong's problem is and what is the solution they can offer in groups of 4, with the help of the points given on the books. Fourth, give them ten minutes to write the letter. At last,   ask some of the students to read their letters for the class while the teacher gives some comments.

T: Today we're going to write your advice to Xiao Dong as an editor. Do you know how to write a proposal letter? Now, let's have a discussion on it with your partners. Students are talking about how to write a proposal letter.

T: Who'd like to answer this question?

S: The problem should be presented first. Then we must analyze the reasons to cause the problem. Proposing the solution must be the main, which should be well explained.

T: Exactly. The discussion of the solution itself, based on the analysis of the problem,   is the core of a proposal. I'll give you some instructions about how to write the body part of a proposal letter as follows.

T: AH right, let's read the letter on Page 7. And try to find out what Xiao Dong's problem is and what is the solution they can offer in groups of 4, with the help of the points given on the books.

The students are discussing Xiao Dong's letter.

T: OK, who can tell me what Xiao Dong's problem is?

S: He is not very good at communicating with people. He wants to know how to make friends with others.

T: Quite right. Now please write your advice to Xiao Dong as an editor with the help of the points given on the books.   I'll ask some of the students to read their letters

for the class in ten minutes. The students are writing the letters.

T: Have you finished? I'll ask some of the students to read their letters for the class.

篇4：高一英语必修1课件内容

高一英语必修1课件内容

Teaching Aims:

1. 能力目标：

a. Listening: get information and views from the listening material.

b. Speaking: express one's attitude or views about friends and friendship in appropriate words.

c. Reading: enable Ss to get the main idea and be familiar with reading skills.

d. Writing: write some advice about making friends as an editor.

2. 知识目标：

a. Talk about friends and friendship; how to make friends; how to maintain friendship.

b. Use the following expressions.

3. 情感目标：

a. Arose Ss' interest in learning English

b. Encourage Ss to be active in the activities and make Ss be confident

c. Develop the ability to cooperate with others.

4. 策略目标：

a. Develop Ss' cognitive strategy: taking notes while listening.

b. Develop Ss' communicative strategy.

5. 文化目标：

a. Enable Ss to get to know different opinions about making friends from different countries.

Teaching design:

Period 1 Warming-up 1课时

I. Teaching objectives:

1. Have Ss learn how to describe their friends and friendship with new phrases and structures.

2. Have Ss learn to solve problems that may occur between friends.

3. Cultivate Ss to form the good habit of learning English in Senior Middle School.

II. Teaching important points:

1. Use the given adjs. and sentences structures to describe one of your friends.

2. Learn to evaluate friends and friendship.

III. Teaching difficult points:

1. Work together with partners and describe one of your good friends.

2. Discuss with partners and find out ways to solve the problems.

IV. Teaching procedures:

Step 1. Lead-in and warming-up

Before the lesson, T can arose Ss' interests by introducing oneself and get Ss to talk about their summer holidays, or whether they had made friends during holidays.

Free Talk: 3 mins

1. How did you spend your summer holidays? How did you feel? What did you do?

2. What do you think of your new school? Do you like it? Could you say anything about it?

3. Do you like making friends? How do you get in touch with your friends? Do you have many friends? Where are they now? Do you have any old friends in our school?

Step II. Think it over

1. Give a brief description of one of T's friends. The following phrases and structures may be useful: (3mins)

His / Her name is...

He / She is...years old.

He / She likes .... and ...dislikes...

He / She is very kind / friendly / humorous...

When / Where we got to know each other...

Step III. Make a survey

1. List some qualities of a good friend or your ideal friend, have Ss get into groups of 4 to 5 to find out what each one has listed?

2. Add up the scores Ss got and show the explanations of every type.

3. Have Ss tell their partners the standards of good friends with the following structures:

I think a good friend should (not) be...

In my opinion. From my point of view. So far as I'm concerned. I suppose. A good friend is someone who...

Step IV. Talking and sharing (working in pairs)

1. If your best friend does anything wrong, what will you do?

What to do?Reasons

............

............

2. Proverbs: “What is a friend?”

A British newspaper once offered a prize for the best definition of a friend. If Ss were the editors, they could choose the best one from the following entires, and explain why.

“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”

“Friends are like wine, the older, the better.”

“A friend is a second self.”

“A friend to all is a friend to none.”

Step V. Homework

1. Write a short passage about your best friend.

2. Review the language points.

3. Preview the new words and expressions.

Period 2 Reading 2课时

I. Teaching objectives:

1. Develop Ss ' reading ability, learn to use some reading strategies, such as skimming, scanning, and so on.

2. Get Ss to realize the importance of friends and friendship and learn how to tell true friends from the false.

3. Grasp some useful words and expressions in this passage.

4. Learn the writing style of this passage.

II. Teaching method:

Task-based teaching

III. Teaching procedures:

StepI.Pre-reading

1. Have Ss discuss the following questions in group-work:

Who is your best friend? Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend?

Step II. Reading

1. Have Ss try to guess what Anne's friend is and what the passage is about by reading the title and having a quick look at the pictures in this passage without reading it through.

2. Skimming the 1st two paras to confirm the former guess.

a. What was Anne's best friend? Why did she make friend with it?

b. Did she have any true friends then? Why?

c. What is the difference between Anne's diary and those of most people?

d. Do you keep a diary? What do you think most people set down in their diaries?

3. Reading of Anne's diary

How did she feel in the hiding place?

Two examples to show her feelings then.

Step III. Post-reading

1. What would you miss most if you went into a hiding place like Anne and her family? Reasons support.

2. Group-work

Work in groups to decide what you should do if your family were going to be killed just because they did something the Emperors did not like.

“Where would you plan to hide?”

“How would you arrange to get food given to you every day?”

“What would our do to pass the time?”

Step IV. Talking about friends and friendship

Have Ss talk about friends and friendship, and write one or two sentences to express one's own understanding of friends and friendship in group-work.

Step V. Homework

1. Interview a student or a parent to find out their opinions about friends and friendship. Write a short report to share it with the whole class.

2. Describe one of your best friends, following the writing style of this passage.

Period 3 Grammar 1课时

I. Teaching objectives:

Learn to use Direct & Indirect Speech

II. Teaching important points:

Summarize the grammatical rules

III. Teaching difficult points:

The special cases

IV. Teaching procedures:

StepI.Lead-in

Last class, we learnt Anne Frank's story. She is telling her story to two of her friends--you and Tom. Tom has something wrong with his ears, so you have to repeat Anne's sentences, using Indirect Speech. Sometimes you explain Tom's sentences to Anne---

1. “Do you feel sad when you are not able to go outdoors?” Tom asked Anne---

Tom asked Anne if / whether she felt sad when she was not able to go outdoors.

......

Step II. Grammar focus

1. Have Ss summarize the rules when they changed Direct Speech into Indirect Speech, what should be changed?

2. Group-work for discussion.

3. Check out: sentence structure, tense, pron, adverbial of time or place, verb.

4. Rules focus:

a. 陈述句:

She said,“I am very happy to help you.”---

She said she was very happy to help you.

b. 一般疑问句/ 选择疑问句:

He asked me, “Do you like playing football?”---

He asked me if / whether I like playing football.

She asked me whether he could do it or not.

c. 特殊疑问句:

My sister asked me,“How do you like the film?”---

My sister asked me How I liked the film.

d. 祈使句:

The captain ordered, “Be quiet!”---

The captain ordered us to be quiet.

e. 注意:

l 间接引语语序: 陈述语序.

l 客观事实,真理;时态不变.

l 指示代词,时间,地点状语做相应变化.

f. Summary

Direct Speech

一般现在时do

一般将来时will do

现在进行时is doing

一般过去时did

现在完成时have done

过去完成时had done

Indirect Speech

一般过去时did

过去将来时would do

过去进行时was doing

过去完成时had done

过去完成时had done

过去完成时had done

Step V. Homework

l Exs 1 on p42

l Look up new words and expressions from dictionary and do the prevision.

Period 4 Words & Expressions 1课时

I. Teaching objectives:

Learn new words and expressions

II. Teaching important points:

1. Pay attention to the different forms of the words

2. Master the words and expressions through the Exs.

III. Teaching difficult points:

1. Emphasize the methods which can be useful and efficient to do the memory.

2. How to use the new words and expressions into Ss' own composition-writing.

IV. Teaching method:

Self-summary;

Discussion;

Practice

V. Teaching procedures:

StepI.Warming-up

1. Check out the new words and expressions looked up from dictionary

2. Have Ss share their works, including the Chinese meaning, the form, the phrases, the examples, and the usage.

Step II. Practice

1. Do the words Exs in this unit

2. Discuss the answers in group-work

3. Check out the answers

Step III. Summary

1. Emphasize the key points of the words in this unit, esp some phrases and structures.

Step IV. Homework

l Recite the words and expressions.

l Preview the listening and speaking part.

高一英语必修1教学反思

本单元的中心话题是“友谊”，几乎所有的内容都是围绕这一中心话题展开的。Warming Up部分以调查问卷的形式引导学生了解日常生活中朋友之间发生的真实问题以及解决这些问题的`方法;Pre-Reading部分的几个问题启发学生对“友谊”和“朋友”进行思考，使学生明确不仅人与人之间可以做朋友，日记也可以成为人们的朋友;Reading部分Anne’s Best Friend以日记形式讲述了犹太女孩安妮的故事;Comprehending部分通过连句、多项选择和问答形式帮助学生对课文内容、细节进行更深入的理解; Using about Language 部分教学本课重点词汇和重点语法项目。

在本单元课文内容讲解之前我提出以下思考问题引发学生对交友对象的思考，开阔学生的思维，并引入到阅读部分的主题--安妮和日记交朋友。

1. Does a friend always have to be aperson?

2. What else can be your friend?

在阅读读中, 给同学们讲授阅读技巧。第一遍阅读使学生了解课文的大意,学会浏览，培养学生的概括能力,并通过听录音扫清新单词的发音障碍.

Skim : To read or glance through (apassage, for example) quickly to get the main idea.

在精读讲解过程中，让同学们回答一下问题。

1.What is a true friend like in Anne’sopinion?

2. What is an ordinary diary likeaccording to Anne?

3. Why did she stay awake on purposeuntil very late one evening?

通过所学内容，引发学生思考，学习安妮的乐观勇敢的精神，培养学生设身处地为别人着想的品质，加深对本课题――友谊的理解,同时通过提问和练习提提高学生语言的掌握和运用能力。以增强其学习的信心和有效性。

篇5：高一英语必修3unit1课件

高一英语必修3unit1课件

一、词汇过关

starve

【考纲释义】 vt.& vi. 使饿死;饿得要死

The proud man said he would starve rather than beg for food. 那个骄傲的人说他宁愿挨饿也不愿讨饭。

They starved the enemy into surrendering. 他们使敌人饿得投降了。

The homeless children were starved of love. 这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。

【知识拓展】starve 表“感觉很饿”时,可用于进行时态。starve for sth.(= long for sth) 渴望获得某事物 starve to death 饿死

2. gain

【考纲释义】 vt. 获得;得到

He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年来,他取得了丰富的经验。

The best way to learn is to put what we gain from books into practice. 最好的学习方法就是把我们从书本中获得的知识投入到实践中去。

【知识拓展】 gain 还可表示“赚得;挣得”,尤指因某种服务、劳动或工作而获得的。如:No pains no gains. 不劳无获。

3. gather

【考纲释义】 vt., vi. & n. 集合;聚集;搜集

A crowd gathered to see what had happened. 一群人聚拢起来看发生了什么事。

It was autumn, the time for Crusoe to gather his small harvest of corn. 秋天到了,是克鲁索收割他那一小块玉米的时候了。

For many Americans, Thanksgiving is the only time when all members of a family gather. The holiday is a time of family reunion. 对许多美国人来说,感恩节这一天是所有家庭成员欢聚一堂的难得时光。这个节日是家人团聚的时刻。

【知识拓展】 gather与collect辨析:gather 表示把分散的东西集中到一起,不仅可用于人和物,还可用于把抽象的东西,如力量、印象等聚集起来,也指采花、摘果、采蜜等;collect 则指精心地、仔细选择相似或有联系的东西,来变成有组织的整体的一部分。

4. award

【考纲释义】 n. 奖;奖品vt. 授予;判定

The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award.奥林匹克的优胜者获得一枚金质奖章作为奖赏。

She has been awarded a scholarship to study at Harvard. 她获得了去哈佛大学读书的奖学金。

They awarded Mr. Brown the gold medal for his fine vegetables at the show. 因其优质的蔬菜展览,他们颁发给布朗先生金牌。

The court awarded custody of the child to the mother. 法院判定孩子的监护权给那位母亲。

【知识拓展】 award 用作可数名词时,指“奖品,奖金,奖赏”,侧重按法律与规定而给予的荣誉。用作及物动词时,常有下列搭配:award sb. sth. (for sth.)“(因)颁发给某人……”,be awarded sth. (for)“(因) 被授予……”。reward 可用作名词或动词,它的意思特指“报答,报偿,酬谢,奖赏”,重点在于对好行为或者功绩的报答、酬谢。常有下列搭配:receive sth. as a reward“因某事而获得奖赏”,reward sb. for“因……而酬谢 / 奖赏某人”;prize 也意为“奖品,奖金”,但它主要用于表示“获得几等奖”或“获奖金额”,特指在竞争、竞赛中获奖,常说win a prize for“因……而获……奖”。

5. apologize

【考纲释义】 vt. 道歉;辩白

I’m not speaking to you until you apologize. 我不会跟你说话,直到你向我道歉为止。

Harry apologized to his teacher for coming to school late. 哈利为上学迟到而向老师道歉。

I must apologize for myself. 我必须为自己辩白。

【知识拓展】 常用句型:apologize to sb.向某人道歉 apologize for sth. / doing sth.因(做了)某事而道歉apologize to sb. for sth. /doing sth. 因某事而向某人道歉

名词apology的相关搭配:make / offer an apology 道歉accept(refuse)an apology接受(拒绝)道歉

二、短语诠释

1. take place发生

Great changes have taken place since 1976. 1976年以来发生了巨大的变化。

In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China.19,中国发生了五四运动。

【知识拓展】 happen“偶然发生”,指一切客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生,主语为“事”,相当于不及物动词,没有被动语态;happen to do意为“碰巧”;take place相当于不及物动词,没有被动语态,指事先计划或预想到的事情的发生;break out 仅用于负面场合,多指灾难、战争、疾病等现象的突然发生,同样也没有被动语态;come about属于中性词语。既可用于表达正面事物的发生,又可用于表达负面事物的发生。

2. dress up (in)(使) 盛装;(使)打扮;装饰

We are supposed to dress up as movie characters for the party, what a novel idea! 我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色,这是一个多么新奇的主意啊!

We dressed up for the school ball on Christmas day. 我们为参加学校的圣诞舞会而盛装打扮。

She dress up in Elizabethan costume for the fancy?鄄dress ball. 她穿上伊丽莎白的服装去参加化妆舞会。

【知识拓展】 dress sb.给某人穿衣;dress oneself 给自己穿衣服;dress in 穿什么衣服

be dressed(in)表示穿着状况

3. play a trick (on sb.) / play tricks (on sb.) 捉弄某人;开某人玩笑

If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. 如果邻居什么糖也不给,那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。

It is acceptable to play tricks on your friends on April 1st. 4月1日那天,同朋友们开玩笑是可以接受的。

【知识拓展】 play a joke on sb.戏弄某人 have a joke with sb.与某人说笑话 make a joke about sb. or sth.拿某人或某事说笑话 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 make fun of sb.取笑某人

4. look forward to 盼望;期待

We look forward to the return of spring. 我们期待着春天的到来。

People look forward to seeing more excellent players play basketball abroad. 人们期望看到更多的优秀球员到国外去打篮球。

【知识拓展】 以look为中心的一些短语: look after 照料look out 注意;当心 look up 查到;抬头看 look over 翻阅;浏览 look into 调查look up to 仰慕;尊敬 look down upon轻视;看不起

5. keep one’s word 守信用;履行诺言

Once you give someone a promise, you should make it no matter what will happen. This is what is called keep one’s word. 一旦你给了别人承诺,无论发生什么事,你都得实现它,这个就叫“守诺言”。

He always keeps his word. 他一直守信用。

【知识拓展】与word 有关的一些短语: eat one’s words 认错;收回前言并道歉have a word with sb. 与某人谈话have words with sb. 和某人吵架in other words换句话说 in a word 简而言之,概括地说 word for word 逐词地;原原本本地

三、句式详解

1. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence. 在印度,十月二日是一个全国性的节日,该节日就是纪念帮助他们获得了印度独立的领袖甘地的。

句中关系代词who引导的定语从句修饰Mahatma Gandhi的同位语the leader。同位语指的是句子中指代同一事物的词语、短语或从句,它和其前的名词构成同位关系。例如:

Mr Li, my English teacher, will be leaving on Tuesday, October 1. 李先生,我的英语老师,将于星期二,即10月1日离开。(My English teacher是Mr Li的同位语)

In this chapter we shall make use of only two of Newton’s laws, the first and the third. 本章我们将只使用牛顿的`两个定律:第一定律和第三定律。(the first and the third为two of Newton’s laws的同位语)

同位语可以由名词从句担当。同位语从句中的that并不是从句结构中的一个成分,而是一个连接词,只起连接作用,无具体词义,但一般不能省略。例如:

The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. 计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。

The news that I have passed the exam is true.我通过了考试这一消息是真的。

2. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 乡村掩映在樱桃花里,它看起来仿佛被粉红色的雪所覆盖。

as though意为“似乎;好像”,在句中引导表语从句。在通常情况下,as though所引导的从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气,表示所叙述的情况与事实相反。例如:

Why is she looking at me as though she knew me?她为什么那样看着我?像是认识我似的。

He stood there looking at the train and laughing, as though to miss a train was the best joke in the world.他站在那里,望着火车哈哈大笑,好像误了火车是天底下最开心的事儿似的。

so that既可引导目的状语从句,也可引导结果状语从句,可以由以下几点进行区分:

1) 当表达“为了……”、“以便……”的含义时,引导的是目的状语从句;当表达“以至于……”、“因此”的含义时,引导的是结果状语从句。如:

If you do know, answer in a loud enough voice so that all the class may hear. 如果你的确知道,应大声回答,以便让全班同学都可以听见。

It rained hard the day before yesterday, so that she had to stay at home. 前天雨下得很大,因此她只好呆在家里。

2) 当从句的谓语动词有情态动词can, could, may, might, should等时,是目的状语从句;当从句里没有情态动词,且谓语动词是一般现在时、一般过去时或现在完成时等时态时,引导的是结果状语从句。如:

We stopped at Salt Lake City so that we could visit the monument to seagulls. 我们在盐湖城逗留是为了可以参观为海鸥修的纪念碑。

They have walked a long distance so that they are all tired. 他们走了很长的路,所以都很累。

3) 当so that之前有逗号时,引导的是结果状语从句;反之,引导的是目的状语从句。如:

You didn’t plan your revision well, so that you didn’t pass the exam. 你没有好好地按计划复习,结果你没考及格。

The teacher must speak slowly so that the students may understand him. 那位老师必须讲得慢些,以便所有的学生可以理解。

篇6：高一英语必修四unit1课件

高一英语必修四unit1课件

Period 1Reading

The General Idea of This Period

This period includes Warming up,Reading and Comprehending of the Reading.It introduces a day of Jane Goodall and her colleagues in the forests,observing the chimps.After reading the passage the students can know about Jane Goodall’s working methods,her great achievements and her attitude towards wild animals.Reading the passage,the students can also learn some reading strategies such as predicting,skimming and drawing conclusions.

Teaching Important Points

Help he students to comprehend the story of Jane Goodall’s protecting the African wildlife.

Get the students to learn from Jane Goodall’s story and come to the idea that great personality is of importance to one’s success.

Learn and master some important words,phrases and sentence patterns in this period.

Teaching Difficult Points

Get the students to comprehend the story and understand what Jane Goodall has done to gain the achievements.

Get the students to believe that one’s personality as well as luck and ability is important to one’s success.

Teaching Methods

Predicting to guess the content of the passage.

Skimming to get the general idea of the text.

Scanning to get detailed information and get to understand the passage better.

Task-based activities to get the students to comprehend the passage and be able to debate about whether women can do a better job than men.

Teaching Aids

A tape recorder

A multimedia computer

Three Dimensional Teaching Aims

Knowledge and Skills

Enable the students to comprehend the story of Jane Goodall’s protecting the African wildlife.

Enable the students to learn from Jane Goodall to treat animals in a human way and come to the idea that great personality is of importance to one’s success.

Learn some useful words and expressions:achieve,achievement,condition,welfare,connection,behave,behavior,worthwhile,specialist,observe,observation argue,inspire,support,devote ... to,etc.

Learn some sentence patterns:

Watching a family wake up is our first activity of the day.

Only after her mother came to help her for the first months was she allowed to begin her project.

Process and Strategies

Group work to encourage the students to participate in class activities.

Fast reading to make the students get the main idea of the passage.

Feelings and Value

For forty years Jane Goodall has been helping the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.People will do something that can satisfy their feelings and make a better world.

Teaching Procedures

Step 1 Lead-in

1.Greet the students.

T:Good morning/ afternoon,boys and girls!

Ss:Good morning/ afternoon,Miss./Mr.liu..

2.Introduce the topic of great women.

1)Show some pictures of women for the students to guess who they are and tell whether they are great women or not.

T:Do you have idols?Now I would like to show you some pictures of women to see whether they are your idols and try to tell me whether they are great women.

Show some pictures of some famous people.

The students might be very excited to see the pictures.They will tell their names and the reasons why they are so famous.But they will have the same point of view that they are famous and important but they are not great women.

2) Get the students to have a discussion about the qualities needed to be a great woman.

T:Although they are so famous and important in a certain field,they are not great women.So what do you think is needed in order to be a great woman?

(Give the students two minutes to discuss in pairs.)

T:Now what do you think is needed in order to be a great woman?Who would like to share the opinions with us?

S:Let me have a try. In my opinion,a great woman should be intelligent and hard-working,otherwise she will not achieve her goals.

S:I think a great woman should be determined and consistent.Because sometimes she might come across a lot of difficulties before her idea and invention are accepted by the public or other specialists.If she can’t stick to her opinion,she may fail in achieving her goals.

S:According to me,I think a great woman should be modest and responsible.I don’t think an arrogant and irresponsible woman will become a great woman.

Other students add their opinions.

T:I agree with all of you.But in my opinion,most importantly a great woman should be unselfish and willing to sacrifice.Otherwise they will not overcome different difficulties and make great contributions to humans and our society.Do you think so?

Ss:Yes.

3) Talk about great women.

T:Now can you name some famous women?

S:I think Madam Curie is a great woman.She discovered radium(镭)with her husband and made great contributions to the field of science and also our society.She won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry and Physics.

T:Good.Who else would like to express your idea?

S:I think Mother Teresa is a great woman.She worked in India to help the poor,took care of the disabled people and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979.

(Some other students express their opinions.)

T:Now I would like to show you some more pictures to see whether you know them and their achievements.

（warming up）

(Get the students to read the information of the six women together.)

Step 2 Predicting

Get the Ss to read the title and predict the main content of the passage.

T:Today we are going to learn about one of the great women. Before that I would like to show you some pictures on P2.

T:What can you see in the picture?

Ss:A woman and an animal.

T:Who is the woman?

Ss:Jane Goodall.

T:What is the animal?

Ss:It’s a chimp.

T:What is she doing?

Ss:She is kissing the chimp.

T:If you meet a chimp in the forest,will you do that like Jane Goodall?

Ss:No.

T:(smiles)

Step 3Skimming to get the general idea

Get the Ss to read the passage and find the answers to the four questions (two minutes) and try to sum up the general idea of the passage.

S:1.Jane Goodall is the protector.T:Now who can answer the first question?Who is the protector?

T:Good.What about the second one?What animals were observed?

S:2.Chimps were observed.

T:The third one?When did Jane Goodall arrive in Gombe？ How old was she?

S:3.She arrived in Gombe in 1960 when she was 26.

T:Very good.And the last one?

S:4.Her purpose was to help the rest of the world to understand and respect the life of the chimps.

T:Good job.What about the general idea?

S:The passage is mainly about how Jane Goodle worked with chimps in their environment and helped people understand and respect the life of these animals.

T:Wonderful job.So did you get the right prediction?

Ss:Yes.

Step 4 Main ideas

Get the students to read the whole passage and sum up the main idea of each paragraph.At the same time,instruct them the way of finding or summing up the main idea.

T:Now we have a rough idea about the passage.How will the writer introduce Jane Goodall’s story to us?How will she organize the passage?I would like you to read the story carefully and sum up the main idea of each paragraph.How can we sum up the main idea easily?

S:Try to see whether there are any topic sentences,which are usually at the beginning or the end of a paragraph.If there are not any topic sentences,try to sum up the main idea according to the content of the paragraph.

T:Good.Now read the passage and try to find out the main ideas.

(after 4 minutes)

T:How many paragraphs are there in the passage?

Ss:Four.

T:What are the main ideas of them?

S:1.The first paragraph is about a day in the Combe National Park.

S:2.The second paragraph tells us Jane’s way to study chimps and her achievements.

S:3.The third paragraph tells us her attitude to the animals.

S:4.The last paragraph is a short summary of the whole passage,telling us that she has achieved everything she wanted to do.

T:Wonderful job.

Step 5 Scanning

Get the students to read the whole passage to get some detailed information.

T:Now we have formed an overview of the whole passage.Next I would like you to read and get more information about Jane Goodall.Please try to find out the answers to the following questions.If there are some sentences that you cannot understand,put them down and we shall solve your problems later.

T:(four minutes later) Now who can answer the questions?

S:1.They watched the chimps wake up in the morning in the forest.

S:2.She suggested the chimps should be left in the wild.

S:3.She discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat,how chimps communicate with each other and worked out their social system.

(Not all the students can find the answer to the third question,or some of them can only find part of the answers.The teacher should instruct them the way of finding them accurately.First get them to find the possible sentences where the answer lies—“For example,one thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat...She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.” Remind them to pay attention to the transitional words like“one thing”,“also” and “and”.)

篇7：高一数学必修1课件

目标：

了解高中阶段数学学习目标和基本能力要求，了解新程标准的基本思路，了解高考意向，掌握高中数学学习基本方法，激发学生学习数学兴趣，强调布置有关数学学习要求和安排。批 注

重点：使学生掌握高中数学学习基本方法。

教学难点：如何激发学生学习数学的兴趣.

教学用具：投影仪.

教学方法：学生通过自主学习.思考.交流.讨论和概括，从而更好地完成高中的学习.

教学过程：

一、欢迎词：

1、祝贺同学们通过自己的努力，进入高一级学校深造。希望同学们能够以新的行动，圆满完成高中三年的学习任务，并祝愿同学们取得优异成绩，实现宏伟目标。

2、同学们军训辛苦了，收获应是：吃苦耐劳、严肃认真、严格要求

3、我将和同学们共同学习高中数学，暂定一年，…

4、本节和同学们谈谈几个问题：为什么要学数学？如何学数学？高中数学知识结构？新程标准的基本思路？本期数学教学、活动安排？作业要求？

二、几个问题：

1.为什么要学数学：数学是各科之研究工具，渗透到各个领域；活脑，训练思维；计算机等高科技应用的需要；生活实践应用的需要。

2.如何学数学：

请几个同学发表自己的看法 → 共同完善归纳为四点：抓好自学和预习；带着问题认真听；独立完成作业；及时复习。注重自学能力的培养，在学习中有的放矢，形成学习能力。

高中数学由于高考要求，学习时与初中有所不同，精通书本知识外，还要适当加大难度，即能够思考完成一些后练习册，教材上每复习参考题一定要题题会做。适当阅读一些外资料，如订阅一份数学报刊，购买一本同步辅导资料.

3.高中数学知识结构：

书本：高一上期（必修①、②），高一下期（必修③、④），高二上期（必修⑤、选修系列），高二下期（选修系列），高三年级：复习资料。

知识：密切联系，必修（五个模块）＋选修系列（4个系列）

能力：运算能力、逻辑思维能力、空间想像能力、分析和解决实际问题的能力、应用能力。

4.新程标准的基本理念：

①构建共同基础，提供发展平台； ②提供多样程，适应个性选择； ③倡导积极主动、勇于探索的学习方式；④注重提高学生的数学思维能力； ⑤发展学生的数学应用意识； ⑥与时俱进地认识“双基”； ⑦强调本质，注意适度形式化； ⑧体现数学的化价值； ⑨注重信息技术与数学程的整合； ⑩建立合理、科学的评价体系。

5.本期数学教学、活动安排：

本期学习内容：高一必修①、②，共72时，必修① 第一13时(4+4+3+1+1)＋第二14时(6+6+1+1)＋第三9时(3+4+1+1)；必修②第一8时（2+2+2+1+1）＋第二10时（3+3+3+1）＋第三9时（2+3+3+1）＋第四9时（2+4+2+1）.

上方式：每周新授5节，问题集中1节（双节连排时）。

学习方式：预习后做节后练习；补充知识写在书的边缘；

主要活动：学校、全国每年的数学竞赛；数学外活动等。

6.作业要求： （期末进行作业评比）

① 堂作业设置两本；② 提倡用钢笔书写，一律用铅笔、尺规作图，书写规范；③ 墨迹、错误用橡皮擦擦干净，作业本整洁；④ 批阅用“？”号代表错误，一般点在错误开始处；⑤ 更正自觉完成；⑥ 练习册同步完成，按进度交阅，自觉订正；⑦ 当天布置，当天第二节晚自习之前交（若无晚自习，则第二天早读之前交）。⑧ 每次作业按A、B、C、D四个等级评定，每本作业本完成后自行统计得分并上交科代表审核、教师评定等级，得分A，B为优良等级，A为优秀等级。

三、了解情况：

初中数学开情况；暑假自学情况；作图工具准备情况。

四．请同学们预习教材.

篇8：高一数学必修1课件

一、目标:

用五点法画函数 的图象.

二、重点难点:

重点是用五点法列表画函数画图;

难点是五点的确定.

三、过程:

【创设情境】

在物理学中，物体做简谐运动时，位移s和时间t的关系为

这里A是物体振动时离开平衡位置的最大距离，称为振动的振幅；往复振动一次所需的时间

称为这个振动的周期；单位时间内往复振动的次数

称为振动的频率； 称为相位，t=0时的相位 称为初相．

在物理和工程技术的许多问题中,经常会遇到形如 的函数,今天我们来探究函数 的图象与函数 的图象关系.

【自主学习探索研究】

1.作函数 和 的图象 (学生用五点法列表画图)

010-10

010-10

描点画图,思考上述两函数的图象五点差异.

(函数 的五点横坐标可以看作函数 的图象上五点横坐标减去 而得.纵坐标不变)

2.作函数 的图象

(学生五点法列表画图)回答函数 的图象与函数 五点差异

思考：函数 的图象与函数 的图象有什么关系？

3.作函数 和 的图象

(学生五点法列表画图)回答上述两函数的图象关系? 图象上的五点与函数 五点差异.

5.函数 的图象并与函数 的图象比较之间的关系？

6.思考函数 的五点如何确定?

7.课堂练习

(1)用五点法画函数 的图象

(2)课本p.42.练习5

【提炼总结】

1. 用五点法画三角函数图象时,要先确定周期,再将周期四等份,找出五个关键点:1, , , ,,然后再列表画图;

2.作图时,要注意坐标轴刻度,x轴是实数轴,角一律用弧度制.

四、布置作业

1.修改并保留本节课列表画图所得图象;

篇9：高一数学必修1课件

一、内容与解析

(一）内容：对数函数的概念与图象

（二）解析：本节课要学的内容是什么是对数函数，对数函数的图象形状及画法,其核心是对数函数的图象画法,理解它关键就是要理解掌握对数函数的图象特点.学生已经掌握了指数函数的图象画法及特点，函数图象的一般画法,本节课的内容就是在此基础上的发展.由于它是研究对数函数性质的依据,是本学科的核心内容.的重点是对数函数的图象特点与画法,解决重点的'关键是利用函数图象的一般画法画出具体对数函数的图象，从而归纳出对数函数的图象特点，再根据图象特点确定对数函数的一般画法。

二、目标及解析

(一)教学目标:

1，理解对数函数的概念；掌握对数函数的图象的特点及画法。

2，通过具体实例，直观感受对数函数模型所刻画的数量关系；通过具体的函数图象的画法逐步认识对数函数的特征；

3，培养学生运用类比方法探索研究数学问题的素养，提高学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。

(二)解析:

1，理解对数函数的概念是来源于实践的，能从函数概念的角度阐述其意义；掌握对数函数的图象和性质，做到能画草图，能分析图象，能从图象观察得出对数函数的单调性、值域、定点等；了解同底指数函数和对数函数互为反函数，能说出它们的图象之间的关系，知道它们的定义域和值域之间的关系，了解反函数带有逆运算的意味；

2，通过具体的实例，归纳得出一般的函数图象特征，并能够通过图象特征得到相应的函数特征，培养学生的作图、识图的能力和归纳总结能力；

3，类比指数函数的图象和性质的研究方法，来研究对数函数，让学生认识到研究问题的方法上的一般性；同时，让学生认识到类比这一数学思想，即对相似的问题可以借鉴之前问题的研究方法来研究，有助于提高学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。

三、问题诊断分析

本节课容易出现的问题是：对数函数的图象特点的探究容易出现图象不对、归纳不全、有所偏差等情形。出现这一问题的原因是：学生作图能力、识图能力、归纳能力不强。要解决这一问题，教师要通过让学生类比指数函数图象和性质的探究，时时回过头看看之前是怎么做的，考虑了哪些问题，得到了哪些结论，让学生类比自主探究，必要时给予适当引导，让学生自主的得出结论，对于出错的地方要让学生讨论，教师做出适当的评价并最终给出结论。

篇10：高一英语必修课件

高一英语必修课件

第一部分：英语知识运用（共三节，满分54分）

第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分， 满分15分）

1. He sat at the desk, __________ a novel.

A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads

2. If you cheat in the exam, you could hardly _________ it.

A. throw away B. get away C. get away from D. get away with

3. No potatoes for me—I’m _______ a diet.

A. at B. in C. on D. with

4. The speed of cars and trucks is _____ to 30 kilometers per hour in large cities in China.

A. limited B. limiting C. limiting to D. limited to

5. Smoking is a bad habit. You should _________ it.

A. throw away B. get away with C. get rid of D. throw

6. I’m really tired _______ Tom. He had me _________ for two hours in the rain.

A. of, waiting B. with; wait C. of; waited D. with; waited

7. Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ________ this year. (浙江 )

A. the best B. better C. the most D. more

8. Filled with anger, he didn’t shout or swear, but just ________ silently at me.

A. looked B. stared C. glared D. glanced

9. — Why was Tom scolded by our teacher? — For ________.

A. tell a lie B. telling lies C. told lies D. telling lie

10. — Anything new in the new regulations? — They will be ________ to us all.

A. of great benefit B. do harms C. do many good D. for the benefit

11. Must I get through the business in one evening? No, you ________.

A. mustn’t B. haven’t C. needn’t to D. don’t have to

12. Your article is too long. You must _______ to about 3000 words.

A. cut it off B. cut it up C. cut it down D. cut it into

13. If your knowledge can be in some way _______ with my experiences, we are sure to succeed.

A. joined B. united C. connected D. combined

14. The news was so ____ that all the people present at the meeting were _______ at it.

A. amazing, amazing B. amazed, amazed C. amazing, amazed D. amazed, amazing

15. You ______be sitting in this waiting room, sir. You see, it is for women and children only.

A. oughtn’t to B. dare not C. need not D. will not

第二节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分， 满分15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~10各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并把答案写在答题卷上。

Every person needs water and a diet of healthy foods. These foods should contain some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.

People need energy 16 . They eat different kinds of food which change into energy. The energy is 17 in calories. Even when you 18 , you are using energy – about 65 calories an hour. 19 you are at school, or walking home, your body is burning up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you 20 be using 400 calories an hour. On Sports Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, 21 as much as 650 calories an hour.

The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is 22 in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many other countries in the world. That is 23 lots of people in China have healthy white teeth.

People in the Western world do not eat such healthy foods. They eat 24 fat and sugar and don’t take enough 25 . Because of this, they 26 weight very easily. Their diet contains a lot of fat in the 27 of potato crisps, potato chips, butter, cream and chocolate. They eat a lot of sugar which exist in cakes, soft drinks, 28 and so on. The result is that many of them become fat. 29 some have bad teeth. In some parts of Britain, one person in ten, 30 the age of thirty, has no teeth left.

16. A. for lifeB. to live C. to live withD. for a living

17. A. measuringB. takenC. measuredD. measure

18. A. are asleepB. fall asleepC. go to sleep D. go to bed

19. A. WhileB. DuringC. AsD. If

20. A. mustB. canC. needD. might

21. A. surelyB. usuallyC. perhapsD. hardly

22. A. richB. poorC. goodC. bad

23. A. howB. whyC. whatD. that

24. A. much tooB. many tooC. too manyD. too much

25. A. exercisesB. foodC. workD. exercise

26. A. put onB. gain onC. get onD. put up

27. A. typeB. formC. kindD. sort

28. A. sweetsB. sweetC. candy barD. sweet thing

29. A. ButB. OrC. AndD. So

30. A. atB. forC. withD. by

第三节：阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的'四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并把答案写在答题卷上。 A．

A car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can keep your body strong, so take care of what you eat.

There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy products group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all the four main groups. With all these food together you will be given enough energy during the day.

It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy to finish your supper with fish and chips all the time. But you will find yourself tired during these days and you can not think quickly.

Watching what you eat will help keep your body healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.

31. Which of the following diets do you think is the best one?

A. Eggs, tomatoes and chicken.B. Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.

C. Corn, fish, cream and pork. D. Rice, beancurd, apples, fish and chicken.

32. Which of the following is a good eating habit?

A. Going to school without any breakfast.B. Eating fish and chips for supper all the time.

C. Finishing your lunch in a very short time.

D. Having at least one food from all the four groups each meal.

33. In this passage the writer mainly tells us that ______.

A. every person needs food to grow wellB. taking exercise can keep your body strong

C. right kind of food with exercise will keep you healthy

D. enough energy helps people think more quickly

B.

Good health is the most valuable thing a person can have, but one cannot take good health for granted. It is important to remember that the body needs proper care in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food ,get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.

Proper nutrition (营养) is important for good health. Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”(燃料).Don't eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods high in protein (蛋白质) ,like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins (维他命) and minerals. However, don't overeat. It is not helpful to be overweight.

Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you don't get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little a amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality (人的个性).Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night. If you do, your body will feel strong and refreshed, and your mind will be sharp.

Finally, get plenty of exercise. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight. It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably increase your life-span (寿命).Any kind of exercise is good. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shapes: basketball, swimming, bicycling, running and so on are good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting, too.

If everybody, were to eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, the world would be a happier and healthier place. We would all live to be much older and wiser.

34. According to the passage,_________.

A .we should always keep fit

B. if we were healthy, we could spend our days in doing things with less sleep

C. one can eat a lot to stay in good shape

D. one needn't take any exercise if he is healthy

35.In order to keep good health, ___________ .

A. we should eat a lot of sweets B. one needs a large amount of fat

C. people should eat according to the foods nutrition D. we must try to sleep now and then

36. Eating more and sleeping less________.

A. can keep healthy B. is no good for you

C. gets you more energy D. will keep your personality

37.The writer explains ________in this passage.

A. how to eat B. the importance of doing exercise

C. how to keep healthy D. what to eat

38.The title of the article should be___________ .

A. Eating and Exercising B. How Vitamins Work in Man's Body

C. Staying Healthy D. Sleeping Well

C.

Isn't it astonishing how much time we spend talking about food? “Have you ever eaten …?” “What did you have for lunch?” and so on. And yet when you travel from one country to another, you will find that people have quite different feelings about food. People often feel that what they eat is normal (正常) and that what other people eat is strange or silly. In most parts of Asia, for example, no meal is complete without rice. In England, people eat potatoes every day. In the Middle East, bread is the main part of every meal. Eating like so many things we do, becomes a habit which is difficult to change. Americans like to drink a lot of orange juice and coffee. The English drink tea four or five times every day. Australians drink a great deal of beer, and the French drink wine every day.

The sort of meat people like to eat also differs from one country to another. Horse meat is thought to be delicious in France. In Hong Kong, some people enjoy eating snakes. New Zealander eat sheep, but they never eat goat meat. The Japanese don't like to eat sheep meat be-cause of its smell, but they enjoy eating raw fish (生鱼).

So it seems that although eating is a topic we can talk about for hours, there is very little common sense in what we say it. People everywhere enjoy eating what they have always eaten, and there is very little we can do to change our eating habits.

39. Which of the following is true according to the article?

A. All people have the same feeling about food.

B. In most parts of Asia, people usually have rice for meals.

C. People often consider other people to be strange or silly.

D. The topic people spend time talking about is bread and meat.

40. People in different countries .

A. drink the same sort of wineB. have the same eating habit

C. eat different kinds of meatD. have the same tea at different time within a day

41. The Japanese don't like to eat sheep meat .

A. because they dislike its smellB. because it is too expensive

C. because it is easy to go badD. because they think it will do harm to their health

42. English people drink tea four or five times a day .

A. because they get thirsty easilyB. because there is plenty of tea in Britain

C. because of their drinking habitD. because they have enough time to do so

第二部分：英语技能运用

第一节：根据句子的意思，写出正确的单词，并注意词的正确形式。（共10小题；10分）。

1. He gained all his ________(力量) and was ready for a second try.

2. I patted her _______(温柔地) on the shoulder.

3. It is healthier to keep a b_______ diet every day.

4. This restaurant was not giving its ______(顾客) energy-giving food.

5. ________ (好奇心)drove Wang Pengwei inside Yong Hui’s restaurant.

6. Wang Pengwei stopped worrying and started advertising the _______(好处) of his food.

7. To succeed, we must ___________(结合) talent with working hard.

8. He has been working for a long time, but he is still full of __________.（energetic）

9. You should do some _________(研究) before making the final decision.

10. She is not _________(苗条的)enough to wear these tight trousers.

第二节：用正确的情态动词填空（共5小题；5分）

1. When we are cooking with a gas fire, we ________(can / must) keep the window open.

2. Mr. Joseph has stayed in the US for several years. He _____(may / can) speak English quite well.

3. Jack’s ill, so they ______ (must / have to) change their plans.

4. It _______ (can't / mustn't) be Miss Gao. I know she has gone to Beijing.

5. You say you ________ not do it but I say you ____________ (shall / will)

第三节：根据中文意思完成句子(共5小题；10分)。

1. 我用了一个月才摆脱咳嗽。It took me a month to _____ _____ _____my cough.

2. 她欠我100块钱。 She _______ ________ _______ to me for 100 yuan RMB.

3. 我们应该抛弃考试作弊的坏习惯。We should ________ _________ the bad habit of cheating in the exam.

4.他们没有打架，只是站在那怒视对方。They didn’t fight, but stood there _____ ______ one another.

5．David 靠给报社写文章维生。David ____ _____ ______ by writing articles for newspapers.

篇11：高一物理必修1《圆周运动》课件

高一物理必修1《圆周运动》课件

一、教学目标

【知识与技能】

知道描述圆周运动快慢的两个物理量——线速度、角速度，会推导二者之间的关系。

【过程与方法】

通过对传动模型的应用，对线速度、角速度之间的关系有更加深入的了解，提高分析能力和抽象思维能力。

【情感态度与价值观】

在思考中体会物理学科严谨的逻辑关系，提高分析归纳能力，养成严谨科学的学习习惯。

二、教学重难点

【重点】

线速度、角速度的概念。

【难点】

二者关系的推导过程。

三、教学过程

环节一：新课导入

情景导入：课件展示生活中常见的圆周运动：

展示生活中的一些运动，引导找相似点：运动轨迹是一些圆，这种运动叫做圆周运动——引出课题。

环节二：新课讲授

过渡：学生列举生活中的圆周运动。

1.田径场弯道上赛跑的运动员的运动;

2.风车的转动;

3.地球的自转与公转;

4.自行车的前后轮、大小齿轮转动等。

研究物体的运动时，我们往往会提到物体的运动快慢。对于做直线运动的物体，我们用单位时间内的位移来描述物体的运动快慢.。

问题：对于圆周运动又如何描述它们的运动快慢呢?

(一)线速度

演示1：在台式电风扇的叶片上分别标记红、蓝两种颜色的点，到中间轴的距离不等。用手缓慢拨动叶片转动，让学生感受两点的运动，并用flash模拟。

让学生仔细观察，说出哪个点运动得快，你是怎么比较的。

讨论交流

两个点运动时间相同，但通过的弧长不相等，通过的弧长长的点运动得快。

总结：圆周运动的物体通过的弧长与所用时间的比值能够描述物体运动的快慢，我们把它称之为线速度。

定义：弧长l与通过这段弧长所用时间t的比值叫做线速度， 。(物体沿着圆周运动，并且线速度的大小处处相等，这种运动叫做匀速圆周运动)

说明：(1)线速度是瞬时速度。

(2)线速度是矢量，它既有大小，也有方向(在圆周各点的切线方向)。

(3)匀速圆周运动是一种非匀速运动，因为线速度的方向在时刻改变。

(4)单位：m/s.

(二)角速度

观察刚刚的flash，风扇叶片上的点在转动时，除了弧长发生了变化以外，还有什么变了?(与中点连线的`角度)

所以同样可以用半径转过的角度φ和所用时间t的比值来表示圆周运动的快慢。即角速度

定义： 说明：(1)对某一确定的匀速圆周运动而言，角速度ω是恒定的;

(2)单位：rad/s。

(三)推导二者关系

教师给出任务：尝试总结出线速度、角速度二者的关系。

学生独立进行推导，得出结论， ， ，根据数学关系l=θr得：v=ωr.

环节三：巩固练习

给出问题场景：让学生观察自行车传动结构示意图中的大齿轮、小齿轮、后轮三个部分的转动，分析A、B、C三个点线速度、角速度的关系。

环节四：小结作业

除了线速度、角速度，还有一些可以用来描述快慢的物理量，如周期T、频率f，试着自己推导这些物理量之间的关系。

篇12：高一数学必修1教学课件

高一数学必修1教学课件

教学目标：

(1) 了解集合、元素的概念，体会集合中元素的三个特征;

(2) 理解元素与集合的“属于”和“不属于”关系;

(3) 掌握常用数集及其记法;

教学重点：

掌握集合的基本概念;

教学难点：

元素与集合的关系;

教学过程：

一、引入课题

军训前学校通知：8月15日8点，高一年级在体育馆集合进行军训动员;试问这个通知的对象是全体的高一学生还是个别学生?

在这里，集合是我们常用的一个词语，我们感兴趣的是问题中某些特定(是高一而不是高二、高三)对象的总体，而不是个别的对象，为此，我们将学习一个新的概念--集合(宣布课题)，即是一些研究对象的总体。

阅读课本P2-P3内容

二、新课教学

(一)集合的有关概念

1. 集合理论创始人康托尔称集合为一些确定的、不同的东西的全体，人们

能意识到这些东西，并且能判断一个给定的东西是否属于这个总体。

2. 一般地，我们把研究对象统称为元素(element)，一些元素组成的总体叫集合(set)，也简称集。

3. 思考1：判断以下元素的全体是否组成集合，并说明理由：

(1) 大于3小于11的偶数;

(2) 我国的小河流;

(3) 非负奇数;

(4) 方程的解;

(5) 某校级新生;

(6) 血压很高的人;

(7) 著名的数学家;

(8)平面直角坐标系内所有第三象限的点

(9) 全班成绩好的学生。

对学生的解答予以讨论、点评，进而讲解下面的问题。

4. 关于集合的元素的特征

(1)确定性：设A是一个给定的集合，x是某一个具体对象，则或者是A的元素，或者不是A的元素，两种情况必有一种且只有一种成立。

(2)互异性：一个给定集合中的`元素，指属于这个集合的互不相同的个体(对象)，因此，同一集合中不应重复出现同一元素。

(3)无序性：给定一个集合与集合里面元素的顺序无关。

(4)集合相等：构成两个集合的元素完全一样。

5. 元素与集合的关系;

(1)如果a是集合A的元素，就说a属于(belong to)A，记作：a∈A

(2)如果a不是集合A的元素，就说a不属于(not belong to)A，记作：aA

例如，我们A表示“1~20以内的所有质数”组成的集合，则有3∈A

4A，等等。

6.集合与元素的字母表示： 集合通常用大写的拉丁字母A，B，C...表示，集合的元素用小写的拉丁字母a,b,c,...表示。

7.常用的数集及记法：

非负整数集(或自然数集)，记作N;

正整数集，记作N*或N+;

整数集，记作Z;

有理数集，记作Q;

实数集，记作R;

(二)例题讲解：

例1.用“∈”或“”符号填空：

(1)8 N; (2)0 N;

(3)-3 Z; (4) Q;

(5)设A为所有亚洲国家组成的集合，则中国 A，美国 A，印度 A，英国 A。

例2.已知集合P的元素为, 若3∈P且-1P，求实数m的值。

(三)课堂练习：

课本P5练习1;

归纳小结：

本节课从实例入手，非常自然贴切地引出集合与集合的概念，并且结合实例对集合的概念作了说明，然后介绍了常用集合及其记法。

篇13：高一物理必修1第一章课件

高一物理必修1第一章课件

一、教材分析

本教学设计选自人教版新课标高中物理教材第一章第一节《质点 参考系和坐标系》，要描述物体的运动，首先要对实际物体建立一个最简单的物理模型质点模型。由于运动的相对性，描述质点运动时必须明确所选择的参考系。为了准确的、定量的描述质点的运动，还要建立坐标系。质点、参考系和坐标系是描述物体运动的基础知识，教材中逐步展开这些内容，最后介绍全球卫星定位系统。本节介绍质点、参考系和坐标系，不仅是这一章学习的基础知识，也是以后力学各章学习的基础知识。这些基础知识在实践中有广泛的、重要的应用。

二、三维目标

1.知识与技能

(1)理解质点的概念，知道它是一种科学的抽象，知道科学抽象是一种普遍的研究方法。

(2)理解参考系的选取在物理中的作用，会根据实际情况选定参考系。

(3)会用坐标系描述物体的位置和位置的变化。

2.过程与方法

(1)体会物理模型在探索自然规律中的作用，让学生将生活实际与物理概念相联系，通过几个具体的例子让学生自主讨论，在讨论与交流中，自主升华为物理概念。

(2)通过参考系的学习，知道从不同角度研究问题的方法，让学生从熟悉的常见现象和已有经验出发，体验不同参考系中运动的相对性，提示参考系在确定物体运动时客观存在的必要性和合理性，促使学生形成勤于观察、勤于思考的习惯，提高学生自主获取知识的能力。

3.情感态度与价值观

热爱自然，关心科技，正确方法，科学态度。

三、教学重、难点

(1)重点

1.理解质点的概念;

2.从参考系中明确地抽象出了坐标系的概念。

(2)难点

1.理解质点的概念

四、教学突破

课前师生收集丰富的图片、视频、文字等资料，联系学生日常生活中身边熟悉的实例，激发学生学习的兴趣，通过老师引导，学生得出有关物理概念，从而使学生乐于探究和思考。

五、教学流程设计

（一）引入课题

教师活动

学生活动

（利用多媒体播放一段反映物体运动的视频，雄鹰在空中翱翔，足球在绿茵场上飞滚，连静静的山川也在坐地日行八万里）。请同学们思考回答：这些场景中哪些物体是在运动的？在物理学中，什么叫做机械运动？举例说明。

2．对学生的举例分析给予评价，并根据学生的回答进一步总结机械运动的概念。

3．指导学生分析视频资料，指出：宇宙中的一切物体都在不停地运动，运动是宇宙间永恒的主题，也是日常生活中常见的现象，诗人可以用飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天，来描绘气势磅礴的瀑布，画家也可以用美丽的画笔描绘出动感十足的情景，那么，我们怎样描绘物体的机械运动呢？即怎样地描述物体上各点的位置及其随时间的变化呢？

1．学生尝试回忆九年级学过的《运动的描述》，举例说明什么叫做机械运动？如:老师走下讲台（老师对讲桌位置改变），汽车驶过学校（汽车对学校位置改变）等。

2．回答：物理学上把一个物体对另一个物体相对位置变化运动称之为机械运动。

3．听讲，理解什么是位置变化，进一步体会机械运动，做记录。

（二）物体和质点

教师活动

学生活动

1．研究物体的运动，首先要确定物体的位置。物体都具有大小和形状，在运动中物体的各点的位置变化一般说来是不同的，所以要详细描述物体的位置及其变化，并不是一件简单的事情。（多媒体展示三幅图），在地球绕太阳转动的图片中，地球在绕太阳公转，注意地球同时又在自转，所以地球的各部分离太阳的远近在不断变化。

2．分析：地球是一个庞然大物，直径约为12800km，与太阳相距1．5108km，也就是说地球直径约是它与太阳距离的万分之一。当我们讨论地球的公转时怎么看待地球？有什么巧妙的方法？

3．指导学生讨论。在学生讨论过程中，引导学生想到我们在处理这些问题时，采用科学抽象的方法，即不考虑物体各部分的差异，把物体简化成为没有大小、形状的点，或者说用一个有质量的点来代替物体。

4．可见，引入质点是为了使物体的位置有一个确切的概念，使物体的复杂运动转化成点的运动。

5．总结得出①质点的定义：用来代替物体的有质量的点叫做质点。即没有形状、大小、体积而具有质量的一个点，质点具有物体的全部质量。②质点是人们为了使实际问题简化而引入的理想化模型。引入理想化模型，抓住主要矛盾，忽略次要矛盾，尽可能把复杂问题简单化，是物理学上经常用到的一种研究问题的方法──科学抽象。

6．进一步说明：物理学对实际问题的简化，必须从实际出发，撇开不考虑的（只能是与当前考察无关的因素），和对当前考察影响很小的次要因素。

1．学生分小组讨论得出：研究地球公转时，由于地球的大小而引起的地球各个部分的差异很小，可以忽略不计，也就是说可以忽略地球的大小，把它视为一个点。 忽略地球的大小和形状把地球看作一个点时，能够忽略地球质量吗？

听讲，记录，认真体会，理解引入质点的意义。

3．讨论①是不是只有很小的物体才能看作质点？

②地球的自转和转动的车轮能否被看作质点？

③物理中的质点和几何中的点有什么相同和不同之处？

师生共同讨论得出：关于质点简化的条件

一个物体能否抽象成质点，并不是取决于物体的形状和体积大小，这要看具体情况而定。

①平动的物体一般可以看作质点

做平动的物体，由于物体上各点的运动情况相同，可以用一个点代表整个物体的运动，在这种情况下，物体的大小、形状就无关紧要了，可以把整个物体当质点。

例如：平直公路上行驶的汽车，车身上各部分的运动情况相同，当我们把汽车作为一个整体来研究它的运动的时候，就可以把汽车当作质点。当然，假如我们需要研究汽车轮胎的.运动，由于轮胎上各部分运动情况不相同，那就不能把它看作质点了。

要注意的是：同一物体在不同情况下有时可看质点，有时不可以看作质点，一列火车从北京开到上海，研究火车的运行的时间，可将火车看成质点，而火车过桥时，计算火车过桥的时间，不可以将火车看成质点。

②有转动但转动为次要因素

例如：研究地球公转时，可把地球看作质点；研究地球自转时，不能把地球看作质点。

③物体的形状、大小可忽略

再如：乒乓球旋转对球的运动的较大的影响，运动员在发球、击球时都要考虑，就不能把乒乓球简单看作质点。

（三）参考系

教师活动

学生活动

1．坐在教室里的同学看到其他同学都是静止的，却不知道他们都在绕着太阳在高速运动着，这里面蕴含了什么问题呢？

2．让学生观察图1．1-3和1．1-4，阅读图右文字，回答以下问题。

①得出什么结论？②就图1．1-4能否提出一些问题？（例如为什么跳伞者总是在飞机的正下方）

小结

①参考系是参照物的科学名称，是假定不动的物体。一个物体一旦被选为参考系，就认为它是静止的。在选定参考系后要假定自己站在参照物中去观察物体的运动，即参考系上长着观察者的眼睛。

②比较两个物体的运动时必须选择同一参照系，比较才有意义。

③在运动学中，参考系的选取是任意的，但在实际选择参考系时应以运动的描述尽可能简单为原则。在没有特别说明时，通常以地面为参考系。例如，描述地面上物体的运动时，通常选地面或相对于地面而静止不动的其他物体作为参考系。

1．思考课本P12图1．1-3，1．1-4。并思考观察结果为什么不同？

2．认真听老师的分析讲解。

3．练习课本P13练习2。

4．讨论①小小竹排江中游，巍巍青山两岸走；

②月亮在莲花般的云朵里穿行；

③坐地日行八万里，巡天遥看一千河。在上述三例中，各个物体的运动分别是以什么物体为参考系的。

（四）坐标系

教师活动

学生活动

（创设实例：多媒体播放视频刘翔的110m栏。）

1．提出问题：怎样定量（准确）人描述车或刘翔所在的位置？

2．提示：你的描述必须能反映物体（或人）的运动特点（直线）、运动方向、各点之间的距离等因素。

3．总结：①为了定量地描述物体的位置及位置的变化，需要在参考系上建立适当的坐标系。坐标系是在参考系的基础上抽象出来的概念，是抽象化的参考系。为了定量地描述物体的位置及位置的变化需要在参考系上建立适当的坐标系，如果物体在一维空间运动，即沿一条直线运动，只需建立直线坐标系，就能准确表达物体的位置；如果物体在二维空间运动，即在同一平面运动，就需要建立平面直角坐标系来描述物体的位置；当物体在三维空间运动时，则需要建立三维坐标系。

①一维坐标：描述物体在一条直线上运动，即物体做一维运动时，可以以这条直线为x轴，在直线上规定原点、正方向和单位长度，建立直线坐标系。如图1-1-1所示，若某一物体运动到A点，此时它的位置坐标XA＝3m，若它运动到B点，则此时它的坐标XB＝-2m（-表示沿X轴负方向）。

图111

②二维坐标：平面直角坐标，描述物体在一平面内运动，即二维运动时，需采用两个坐标确定它的位置。

③三维坐标：立体坐标系，描述物体在空间的运动。

4．进一步强调要注意以下几点：

①坐标系相对参考系是静止的。

②坐标的三要素：原点、正方向、标度单位。

③用坐标表示质点的位置。

④用坐标的变化描述质点的位置改变。

思考。

讨论：如果物体在平面上运动（例如滑冰运动员），我们应如何建立坐标系？

3．小结:可以建立一个直角坐标系，此时可以用（x，y）表示物体的位置。

4．学生阅读教材科学漫步栏目思考书中提出的问题。

（五）巩固练习，交流和小结

教师活动

学生活动

出示课堂练习；

引导组织学生回顾本节知识；

组织各小组成员在相互合作的基础上，进行小结；

教师对该堂课的内容进行总结和对学生的总结给予肯定和评价。

按照要求完成课堂练习；

根据老师提供的信息回顾本节知识；

在相互合作交流的基础上做好书面总结；

听老师总结，补充修改自己的书面总结。

六、板书设计

1.1质点 参考系和坐标系

1.质点

(1)机械运动：一个物体对另一个物体相对位置变化运动称之为机械运动。

(2)质点的定义：用来代替物体的有质量的点叫做质点。即没有形状、大小、体积而具有质量的一个点，质点具有物体的全部质量。

(3)质点简化的条件性

①平动的物体一般可以看作质点;

②有转动但转动为次要因素;

③物体的形状、大小可忽略。

2.参考系

(1)被选来作为标准的另外的物体就叫做参考系;

(2)同一个物体选择不同的参考系，观察结果可能会有所不同;

(3)比较两个物体的运动时必须选择同一参照系;

(4)参考系的选取是任意的。

3.坐标系

(1)一维坐标;

(2)二维坐标;

(3)三维坐标;

(4)要注意以下几点：

①坐标系相对参考系是静止的;

②坐标的三要素：原点、正方向、标度单位;

③用坐标表示质点的位置;

④用坐标的变化描述质点的位置改变。

篇14：高一物理必修1弹力课件

《第一章 运动的描述》学案

第1课时  质点 参考系和坐标系

一、课前自主学习

㈠课本导读

1、物体的_____________随时间的变化，称为机械运动。机械运动是自然界最_______、最_____的运动形态。研究_____________________的分支叫做力学。我们在学习力学的过程中，不仅要学习机械运动的规律，还要学习其中的科学研究的方法。无论从逻辑上还上从历史上讲，力学都是________的基础。

2、要准确地描述物体的运动不是一件容易的事，原因是：任何物体都有一定的_______和_______，物体各部分的运动情况___________________________。我们要同时把物体上的各个点（无数个）的位置随时间的变化情况都描述清楚不是一件容易的事。如果物体只有一个点，就不存在这样的问题。

3、在一些情况下，我们如果忽略物体的大小和形状，把物体抽象为一个点，并不会对所研究的问题带来大的偏差。把物体抽象成一个点，尽管与真实的自然界不相符，但是它使复杂的问题得以简单化，使我们对物体运动的描述得以进行，不至于寸步难行。

例1、地球在绕太阳公转，同时又在自转，如果只研究地球公转，我们______（可以、不可以）把地球看成一个点，如果我们研究地球的自转_________（可以、不可以）把地球看成一个点。

例2、火车在铁轨上行驶，如果我们只研究火车整体的运动时，_________（可以、不可以）用一点来表示火车，这是因为：_____________________________________________________。如果要研究火车车轮的运动，_________（可以、不可以）把火车看成一个点。

4、质点的概念： ⑴质点：用来代替物体的有质量的点叫做质点。质点没有形状、大小、体积而具有物体的全部质量。 ⑵我们把物体看成质点时忽略了物体的_________、_________和转动等次要因素，抓住了物体具有一的空间位置和________等主要因素。

⑶质点是一种理想化的物理模型，在现实生活中_____________（存在、不存在）。 所谓物理模型，是为了方便探索和揭示复杂的物理事物的本质和规律，根据研究对象和问题的特点、性质、程度和内容，在一定条件下对研究对象进行抽象，排除非本质的因素干扰，舍弃次要因素和无关因素，抽取本质的、起决定作用的主要因素，把复杂的物理现象或过程进行简化，得到的理想化的研究对象。 引入理想化模型，是物理学上经常用到的一种科学研究方法。

⑷建立质点模型的目的：使复杂的问题简单化，便于研究。

⑸质点的物理意义：质点是一种科学抽象，是一种理想化的物理模型。它忽略次要因素、突出主要因素，使所研究的复杂问题得到了简化。这是一种重要的科学研究方法。

5、实际物体可以抽象为质点的条件

当质点处理，但并不是实际尺寸小就一定可以看作质点，如：电子、原子核虽小，在研究它们的旋转时，就不能看成质点。 ⑵物体上的各点运动情况都相同时（物体做平动时）。所以研究它上面某一点运动规律就可以代替整体运动情况，这种情况下物体也可当质点处理，不过是取该物体上的一点来研究，并不一定是不计物体大小，如火车过桥。 ⑶转动的物体不研究它的转动时，也可以看成质点。例如研究地球公转时，可把地球看作质点；研究地球自转时，不能把地球看质点。 ⑶转动的物体不研究它的转动时，也可以看成质点。例如研究地球公转时，可把地球看作质点；研究地球自转时，不能把地球看质点。

注意：物体质量的大小，或体积的大小不能作为物体能否视为质点的标准。同一个物体在一种问题中不能看作质点，而在另一种问题中可能就可看作质点，所以要具体问题，具体分析。

6、关于参考系

⑴为了描述物体的运动，被选作参考（标准），假定为不动的物体称为___________。如果物体相对于参考系的位置在变化，则表明物体相对于该参考系在__________；如果物体相对于参考系的位置不变，则表明物体相对于该参考系是__________的。

⑵一个物体一旦被选为参考系，就被假定为是静止的。在选定参考系后要假定自己站在参考系中去观察物体的运动。

⑶选择不同的参考系来观察同一个物体的运动，观察的结果______________________。

⑷参考系的选取原则：描述一个物体的运动时，参考系________（可以、不可以）任意选择。但在实际选择参考系时应以运动的描述尽可能简单为原则。例如，描述地面上物体的运动时，通常选地面或相对于地面而静止不动的其他物体作为参考系。在没有特别说明时，通常以地面为参考系。

⑸怎样理解运动是绝对的又是相对的？

6、坐标系

⑴为了定量地描述物体的__________及____________，需要在___________上建立适当的坐标系。 ⑵坐标系即参考系的具体化，是在参考系上建立的，坐标系相对参考系是静止的。

⑶如果物体在一条直线运动（在一维空间运动），只需建立_______坐标系，用一个坐标值就能准确表达物体的位置；如果物体在同一平面内做曲线运动（在二维空间运动），就需要建立平面直角坐标系，用两个坐标值来描述物体的位置；当物体在三维空间运动时，则需要建立三维坐标系，用三个坐标值来描述物体的位置。

平面直角坐标系  三维坐标系

㈡通过以下几个问题回顾记忆所学知识

1、什么是机械运动？力学在物理学中处于什么地位？

2、什么是质点？在哪些情况下可以把物体抽象为质点？

3、建立质点模型的目的是什么？建立质点模型时，忽略了哪些因素？抓住了物体的哪些主要因素？

4、质点的物理意义是什么？

5、什么是参考系？选择不同的参考系观察同一个物体的运动结果相同吗？参考系可以任意选取吗？通常怎样选取参考系？

6、在参考系上建立坐标系的目的是什么？物体在一维空间运动、在二维空间运动、在三维空间运动时应分别建立怎样的坐标系？

㈢课前自测题

1、下列关于质点的说法中，正确的是

A、地球很大，一定不能看做质点 B、原子核很小，一定能看做质点

C、体积很大的物体一定不能看成质点D、若研究物体的转动，物体一定不能看成质点

2、下列关于质点的说法中，正确的是（）

A、建立质点模型是为了使所研究问题简单化

B、质点是一种理想化模型，实际不存在，无实际意义

C、同一物体在不同的情况中，有时可看做质点，有时则不可看做质点

D、转动的物体一定不能看成质点

3、下列说法中正确的是（）

A、参考系一定是固定不动的物体

B、在研究物体运动时，参考系可以任意选取

C、不选定参考系，就无法研究某一个物体是怎么运动的

D、选取不同的参考系，所得出的关于物体运动的结论一定不同

4、某校高一新同学分别乘两辆汽车去市公园游玩。两辆汽车在平直公路上运动，甲车内一同学看见乙车没有运动，而乙车内一同学看见路旁的树木向西移动。如果以地面为参考系，上述观察说明（）

A、甲车不动，乙车向东运动 B、乙车不动，甲车向东运动

C、甲车向西运动，乙车向东运动D、甲、乙两车以相同的速度都向东运动

5、从高出地面3m的位置竖直向上抛出一个小球，它上升5m后回落，最后到达地面，如图，分别以

㈣提出疑惑：同学们，通过你的自主学习，你还有哪些疑惑，请把它填在下面的表格中

二、课堂学习

1、组内讨论有疑问的问题，向老师提出不理解之处。

2、老师检查自学情况。

3、讨论以下问题：

⑴判断：只有体积很小或质量很小的物体才能看成质点。（  ）

⑵判断：转动的物体都不能看成质点。（  ）

⑶下列情况中的物体，哪些可以看作质点（  ）

A、研究从重庆开往上海的一列火车的运行速度 B、研究汽车后轮上一点运动情况的车轮

C、绕地球运动的卫星  D、研究地球的自转时的地球

⑷关于参考系的描述中正确的是（）

A、参考系可以任意选取

B、参考系不能任意选取

C、选取不同的参考系描述同一物体的运动，结果可能不同

D、参考系是为了研究物体的运动而假定为不动的那个物体

⑸如右图，汽车以5m/s的速度向右匀速运动，人在车厢

内以3m/s的速度相对于车向右运动。如果以车为参考系人的

速度是________，如果以地面为参考系人的速度是_________。

如果汽车停在地面上，人在车厢内以3m/s的速度相对于车向

右运动，则以车为参考系人的速度是__________，以地面为参

考系人的速度是___________。

⑹在匀速行驶的火车内，某人让一小铁球自然下落，则在车内的人认为铁球怎样运动？在车外地面上的人看来，认为铁球做什么运动？为什么会这样？

⑺地面观察者看雨滴竖直下落时，坐在匀速前进的列车车厢中的乘客看雨滴是（  ）

A、向前运动B、向后运动C、倾斜落向前下方 D、倾斜落向后下方

⑻在公路上向左匀速运动的汽车，经过一棵果树时，恰有树上一个果子从上面自由落下，下图为运动的轨迹，在地面上观察到的运动轨迹是_____车中人以车为参考系观察到果子的运动轨迹是______

A B  C D

第2课时  时间和位移

一、课前自主学习

㈠课本导读

1、时刻和时间

时刻是指某一瞬时；时间是时间间隔的简称，指一端持续的时间间隔。两个时刻的'间隔表示一段时间。在表示时间的数轴上，时刻用__________表示，时间间隔用_________表示。

在上图中，A、B、?、M表示时间轴上的各个点，N、O、?、S表示时间轴上的线段。请你指出下列时间或间刻对应的哪一点或哪一段：

⑴第3秒内：_________；⑵前3秒：________；⑶第2秒末：________；⑷第3秒初：________；⑸第3秒末：_______；⑹t=10s时：_______；⑺第5秒：_______；⑻前12秒的中点时刻：_______。

2、路程和位移

⑴路程：是物体（质点）运动轨迹的实际长度。 。有向

线段的长度表示位移的大小，有向线段的方向表示位移的方向。

⑶位移的大小和方向只由始末位置决定，与物体的具体路径无关。即同一位移可能有

多条不同的路径。如右图所示，分别沿ACB和ADB两条路径从A

地到达B地。在这两个过程中，路程_________（相同、不相同），

但位移________（相同、不相同）。

⑷例1、某人从O点出发，他先在前5s内向正北方向走了4m，

到了A点，紧接着的3s内，他向正东方向走了3m，到达了B点。

则整个8s内的总位移是否是7m呢？

这两段时间内的位移的大小和方向如图甲所示。要得到8s内的总位移，可以有两种途径：

第一种途径：如图乙所示，把两有向线段首尾相连，然后从始端向末端画一有向线段，即为合位移。 第二种途径：如图丙所示，把两有向线段始端重合，再以这两个有向线段为邻边画一平行四边形，这两个邻边之间的对角线就代表合位移的大小和方向。（平行四边形定则、三角形定则见课本P62、P65）

由以上分析可知：人在8s内的总位移的大小为______ m，方向为____________。 ⑸位移的大小不大于路程。只有在单向直线运动中，位移的大小才等于路程，在其他情况中，路程要

⑹直线运动的位置和位移：如果物体做直线运动，则位移在数值上等于末位置的坐标减去初位置的坐标（即位移等于位置坐标的变化）。

公式：l?x2?x1 或?x?x2?x1

其中l和Δx都表示位移。计算结果的正负号表示方向，不表示大小。若结果为正，表示位移方向与坐标正方向相同；若结果为负，表示位移方向与坐标正方向相反。例如，不能说位移-9m比6m小。

⑺位移与路程的区别：

①位移表示质点______________的物理量。路程则是表示质点________________________的物理量。

②位移是矢量，有大小有方向，其运算遵从平行四边形定则（或三角形定则）。路程是标量，只有大小没有方向，其运算遵从算术加法法则。

③位移与质点的运动路径无关，只与初位置、末位置有关。路程不仅与质点的初末位置有关，还与路径有关。

3、矢量和标量

矢量：在物理学中，既有大小又有方向的物理量叫矢量。矢量运算遵循平行四边形法则（或三角形法则）。如：位移、力、速度、加速度等等。

标量：在物理学中，只有大小而没有方向的物理量叫标量。标量运算遵循算术加法法则。如：时间，路程，质量，温度，长度，能量等等。

㈡通过以下几个问题回顾记忆所学知识

1、说说时间与时刻的区别。

2、什么是位移？路程与位移有什么区别？

3、物体做直线运动时，怎样求位移？

4、什么是矢量？什么是标量？分别列举几例。

㈢课前自测题

1、以下的计时数据指时间的是（  ）

A、由北京开往深圳的列车于22时18分从北京站开出  B、期中物理考试时间为1.5 h

C、中央电视台每晚的新闻联播节目19：00时开播  D、一节课45 min

2、如图所示，一物体沿三条不同的路径由A运动到B，下列关于它们的位移的大

小说法正确的是（  ）

A、沿Ⅰ较大  B、沿Ⅱ较大C、沿Ⅲ较大  D、一样大

3、矢量和标量，下列说法中正确的是（ ）

A、矢量是既有大小又有方向的物理量B、标量是既有大小又有方向的物理量

C、位移－10 m比5 m小  D、－10 ℃比5 ℃的温度低

4、小球从距地面5m高处落下，碰到地面反弹后，在距地面2m高处被接住，则小球从高处落下到被接住这一过程中通过的路程和位移的大小分别是（  ）

A、7m、7m  B、5m、2m  C、5m、3m  D、7m、3m

5、如图所示，物体在时刻t1处于“位置”x1，在时刻t2

运动到“位置”x2那么物体 t1~ t2内的位移大小为Δx ＝___________ ，方向_____________。

㈣提出疑惑：同学们，通过你的自主学习，你还有哪些疑惑，请把它填在下面的表格中

二、课堂学习

1、组内讨论有疑问的问题，向老师提出不理解之处。

2、老师检查自学情况。

3、讨论以下问题：

⑴下列关于时间和时刻说法正确的是（  ）

A、物体在5秒时指的是物体在5秒末时，指的是时刻

B、物体在5秒内指的是在4秒末到5秒末这1秒的时间

C、物体在第5秒内指的是在4秒末到5秒末这1秒的时间

D、第4秒末就是第5秒初，指的是时刻

篇15：高一英语必修四课件

高一英语必修四课件

I．单元教学目标

技能目标  Skill Goals

Talk about body language: cultural differences and intercultural communication

Practise talking about prohibition & warning as well as obligation

Learn to use the -ing form as the Attribute &Adverbial

Learn to write a diary that showing the observation of how body language helps in communication

II． 目标语言

功能句式 Talk about body language

What is the purpose of language?

What do you think “body language” means?

How can you tell if someone is sad or happy even if they do not speak?

How can you communicate a feeling to someone who does not speak your language?

Why do we need to study body language?

Talk about cultural differences & intercultural communication

What do British people often do when they meet strangers?

What do French people often do when they meet people they know?

Why should we be careful about our own body language?

Why is it important to watch others as well as listen to them?

词汇

1． 四会词汇

Represent, association, canteen, dormitory, flight, curious, approach, major, misunderstand, dash, adult, crossroad

2． 认读词汇

unspoken,, Jordan

3． 词组

be likely to, in general, not all, turn one’s back to, lose face

语法 4． 重点词汇

represent, introduce, approach, touch, express, nod, avoid, misunderstand, punish, general, curious, similar, expression, agreement, gesture, action

The -ing form as the attribute && adverbial

Finding out in the reading text sentences with present participle(s) used as the attribute or adverbial.

1. The -ing form as the attribute

They are visitors coming from several other countries, ...

His nose touches Mr. Cook’s moving hand, ...

This is an exciting experience for you, ...

2. The -ing form as the adverbial

... so you stand watching and listening.

Four people enter looking around in a curious way.

You see her step back appearing surprised, and take a few steps away from Mr. Garcia.

The visitor from Japan comes in smiling at the same time as George Cook from Canada.

Ⅲ． 教材分析和教材重组

1． 教材分析

本单元以Body Language——“体态语”为中心话题，具体涉及什么是“体态语”，如何理解“体态语”，以及“体态语”的跨文化性等。本单元的语言技能和语言知识也都是围绕“体态语”这一中心话题设计的，旨在通过单元教学，用听、说、读、写、做(表演)等多种形式，让学生正确认识和掌握“体态语”在交际中的作用和意义，使学生明确“体态语”在人类交际中的重要性，了解“体态语”在不同民族、不同文化交际中的多样性；使学生在今后的日常生活、学习、工作和交往中尽量减少或避免运用“体态语”时可能产生的误解，提高他们的“语言交际”能力和“非语言交际”能力。

1.1  WARMING UP 以列表对比（填充及增补）的形式，并通过WARMING UP的活动，让学生了解有声语言与“体态语”的对应关系，了解语言意义与行为意义（“体态语”）在交际中具有同等重要的作用。同时，学生在听、说、做（即表演“体态语”的动作）中能够增进对语言交际的感性认识，为他们在阅读过程中上升到对语言交际的理性认识打下基础。

1.2  PRE-READING 通过提供三个关于不同文化背景下“体态语”的问题，启发学生思考我们所学习的“语言”的目的、形式、功能。通过引导学生联系自己日常生活的实际，提高学生努力学习英语的积极性和自觉性；同时培养学生留心社会、关注生活的洞察力，为引导学生进一步“阅读”作好准备。

1.3  READING 是一篇介绍性（记叙文）体裁的文章，主要介绍了各种文化背景下的“体态语”的异同，为学生提供了来自不同国度、不同语言文化背景的“体态语”及其在交际中的异同和影响的具体例证。学生也可以结合自己在语言交际中所遇到的实际例子来进一步理解“交际，毫无问题可言吗？”这一主题。

1.4  COMPREHENDING 包括八个问题（前5个旨在检查学生对阅读材料细节的理解，6~7旨在引导学生对“体态语”的意义及文化差异的`思考，第8个检查学生能否通过细节进行推理判断），通过对来自不同国度、不同语言文化背景的六个角色对待男女不同性别所使用的“体态语”异同的（学生在老师指导下的自我或小组讨论后的）归纳，进一步熟悉和掌握“体态语”在不同语言文化交际中的作用和意义。

1.5  LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE  分词汇和语法两部分。词汇部分由“本单元重点词汇英文释义”，“词语填空”和“词性变换”三项内容构成，语法部分由两大方面组成：一是让学生自己通过在课文中寻找相关语法的句子并按其语法功能分类，二是根据学生的认知规律安排该语法项目的练习让学生进行操练。整个项目通过三个练习和一个游戏，以及语法结构讲练，进一步巩固本单元所学词汇（尤其是课文中的黑体字），学习“现在分词”结构用作定语和状语，并通过操练，以收到“学以致用”、“熟练生巧”的效果。

1.6  USING LANGUAGE 通过增加阅读篇目“Showing Our Feelings”来拓展学生在“体态语”方面的知识视野，并通过“True” or “False”判断练习和问题讨论，使学生进一步明确“体态语”对人们在日常交际中了解对方情感、思想、态度等方面所起的作用。同时要让学生认真对待自己的“体态语”，并在日常交际中“听其言”（Listen to them）、“观其行”（Watch them）。此外，该部分还通过听、说、读、写四个方面来巩固本单元所学内容和语言交际项目。

1.7  SUMMING UP 师生从话题、词汇和结构三个方面来共同总结本单元所学的单词和短语，语言及语法项目，总结本单元所学的主要内容和收获。

1.8  LEARNING TIPS 建议学生关注实用交际技巧，学会“体态语”；建议学生在看英语电影时或与以英语为母语的人士交谈时，观察对方面部表情和体态姿势，观察对方的“言”、“行”，进而形成有效的口笔头语言及“体态语”的交际能力。

2. 教材重组

2.1 听力：Using language中的Listening, Workbook中的Listening和Listening Task这三部分的任务及话题较为接近，将这三个部分整合在一起上一堂听力课。

2.2 口语：Warming up, Using language中的Reading and Talking, Speaking和Workbook中的Talking，Speaking Task以及Learning about language中的Discovering useful words and expressions 4, “Play a game in group of four”均紧扣本单元话题，同时涉及到本单元的功能句，教师可指导学生通过“说”（用英语发出与“体态语”相关的指令）与“做”（用“体态语”表达指令）结合来进行口语训练，这将是一节生动有趣的口语课。

2.3 精读：把Pre-reading，Reading和Comprehending三部分整合为一节阅读课。

2.4 泛读：把Using Language中的Reading和Workbook中的Reading Task整合为一节拓展学生视野的泛读课。

2.5 语言学习：深入处理Learning about language中的Discovering useful words and expressions, Discovering useful structures; Workbook中的Using Words and Expressions和Using Structures。重点学习Discovering useful structures中“-ing (现在分词)”在句中做定语和状语的用法。

2.6 语言运用：处理Using Language中的Reading and Writing和Workbook中的Writing Task。指导学生写一篇有关“The Body Language I Know”短文，反映其在不同文化背景、不同语言环境中的运用情况，及所造成的理解上的困难、障碍甚至误解等。

3． 课型设计与课时分配

1st  period             Speaking

2nd  period            Reading (I)

3rd  period             Reading（II）

4th  period             Language Study

5th  period             Listening

6th  period             Writing

Ⅳ． 分课时教案

The First Period Speaking

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target Language目标语言

a. 重点词汇和短语

misunderstand, similar, facial, expression, agreement, yawn, chest, gesture, adult, punish

b. 重点句型或交际用语

Act out the following meanings, please.

Please guess what I mean.

Please show the actions, using body language.

Now it is your turn to show the action / gesture.

Please use either spoken words or body language to express your ideas.

Please use both spoken words and body language to express your ideas.

2. Ability goals能力目标

a. Enable the students to understand what a certain gesture of the body language means in a given situation.

b. Enable the students to act out some meanings, requirements, requests or situations given in the target language.

c. Enable the students to express with the target language the meanings given in body language.

3. Learning ability goals 学能目标

a. Help the students learn how to express themselves in body language when needed.

b. Help the students understand others when body language is being used.

Teaching important points教学重点

a. Teach the students how to understand body language used in different countries or cultures as well as in different occasions.

b. Teach the students how to use body language in the most appropriate occasions.

Teaching difficult points 教学难点

a. Enable the students to realize the importance of body language in communication so that little or no misunderstanding may occur.

b. Let the students know that there is both positive body language and negative body language.

Teaching methods教学方法

a. Individual work, pair work and group work.

b. Acting out by imitation, mime or with gestures and body movement.

Teaching aids教具准备

A computer, a projector and some pictures.

Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式

Step I Lead-in

The teacher shows some pictures on screen. These pictures are from the Evening Party Celebrating the coming Lunar New Year of the Rooster of 2005.

Ss: Yes, Thousands of Hands Kwan-yin.

T: But do you know who she is? Yes, she was the leading dancer of the program. Her name is Tai Lihua（邰丽华）. She is called a Fairy of Peach blossom(桃花仙子) by people. You know she is a deaf girl, but she is a wise, diligent, charming and energetic girl. She studied very hard and got two degrees of bachelors in university. She was famous as an artist for her wonderful performance. She is deaf and dumb. But how did she get that great achievement and became a successful person? She loves life very much. We should learn from her spirit. Besides her hard working, body language plays a very important part in her life. We are all healthy people, sometimes we can use body language to express ourselves. So we should pay more attention to learning body languages.

Step II  Introduction

T: Now let’s do some TPR (Total Physical Response) activities together, I hope you will enjoy them and have fun as well.

Touch your head / face / eyes / nose / mouth / ears / cheeks / forehead / shoulders / stomach / legs / feet / toes ...

Shake your head / arm / hand ...

Wave your arm / hand ...

Open your eyes / arms /mouth ...

Close your eyes / mouth ...

Twist your wrist / waist.

Cross your arms / fingers.

Nod your head.    Bow your head.

Make a face to each other.

Bend / cry / shout / scream / smile / laugh ...

T: All right. Now let’s do them a little bit difficult. Let’s play a game together. Those who fail to follow the rule of the game will be dropped out. The game is: “Simon says”. For example, if I say “Simon says, touch your head”, then you touch your head. If not, you shouldn’t touch your head but remain still. Clear? Ready? Now let’s start.

3 or 5 minutes for the game.

T: Ok. It’s time to take up the lesson. Please look at the screen. Let’s take a look at the following gestures:

Gesture  Action Meaning

A handshake    You are welcome.

A clap of hand Come on; be cheerful.

A V-shape of the fore-finger and middle finger May you succeed!

Or congratulations on your success!

A half-closed hand with thumb down I am not in favor of your idea or I’ll have to refuse you.

A wrinkling of the brow in thought or displeasure or a scowl She is worried.

Tears coming out of his eyes. He is very sad.

All smiles on her face She is very happy.

Waving their hands They are waving goodbye to people around.

A hand stretched out forward with strength He is stopping a tank.

People jump with their both hands stretched open in the air. They are cheering for the victory.

T: What are the actions of the above gestures? What do they mean?

S4: The first gesture is a handshake, which means “You’re welcome”.

S5: The second is a handclap, which means “Come on” or “Be cheerful” or something like that.

S6: The third one is a V-shaped posture of the first finger and the middle finger, which suggests a wish for the other or others to succeed.

S7: The fourth is a half-closed hand with the thumb down. It means the one who gives this gesture is against the other’s idea or simply refuses the request.

S8: The fifth is a worried look of a woman. She wrinkles her brows or frowns. It also seems that she scowls. It shows that she is worried or sad. In other words, she is unhappy.

S9: The sixth is a man shedding tears. Tears were running down his cheeks. He is very sad for losing his relatives or sad for his failure.

S10: The seventh is a smiling face. It is easy to see that she is very happy.

S11: The eighth is a gesture of waving hands. They are waving goodbye to people who are around to see them off.

S12: The ninth is a hand stretched out forward with great strength. The boy is trying to stop a tank from entering into his homeland.

S13: The tenth is hands stretched out upward. They are all very cheerful. They are wild with joy; maybe they have just won a game. So we can see that they are cheering for their victory.

T: You have all done a good job. So you see that there are many cases or situations in which body language can convey meanings as well as spoken or written languages. If you want to know more about it, let’s come to Unit 4 Body Language.

Step Ⅲ Practice

T: Look at Page 25.

What are these people communicating?

Step Ⅳ Time for Fun

T: Now let’s play a game in groups of four. One thinks of a situation and asks the others to show some actions using body language. When the one chooses the action that is most likely, it is his or her turn to think of some other situation for the others to show the actions so that the game may go on for a few rounds. Clear?

Ss: Yes. That’s funny!

T: Try to make the situations as interesting and enjoyable as you can. And show the situation as lively as possible. Besides, make sure that everyone has a turn.

Ss: All right.

S1: What are you likely to do if it rains?

(Actions) S2: reads a book;

S3: puts on a raincoat;

S4: cleans the house.

S1: Ok. I think S3 seems the most likely, so it is his turn.

S3: What are you likely to do if the river floods?

(Actions) S1: runs away as fast as he can;

S2: helps the younger or elder to escape as soon as possible;

S4: climbs on to a tree.

S3: Ok. I think S2 seems the most likely, so it is her turn.

S2: What are you likely to do if the house catches fire?

(Actions) S1: fetches some water;

S3: tries to put it out with blooms;

S4: runs away as quickly as he can.

S2: Ok. I think S4 seems the most likely, so it is his turn.

S4: What are you likely to do if you meet with a fierce dog?

(Actions) S1: remains where he is and bends down, looking at the dog;

S3: tries to scare it away with small stones;

S4: runs away as quickly as possible.

S2: Ok. I think S1 seems the most likely, so we all have done a good job.

T: Yes. I couldn’t agree with you. Now, one more group.

Step V Role Play (Speaking task on P67)

T: Now, there’s still a little time left. Let’s come to Speaking Task on Page 67.

Homework

1. Team work: Discuss the importance of body language.

2. Go over the Reading: